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West African Trade Empires

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The first known people to settle North Africa. Crossed Sahara to trade in West Africa ... Power went to nephew, son of king's sister. Fall of Ghana ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: West African Trade Empires


1
West African Trade Empires
  • Berbers
  • Ghana
  • Mali
  • Songhai

2
Berbers
  • The first known people to settle North Africa
  • Crossed Sahara to trade in West Africa
  • 400 B.C.E.
  • Traded salt and cloth from N. Africa for gold and
    ivory of W. Africa

3
Camels
  • Rome conquered North Africa
  • Brought camels from Asia
  • ships of the desert
  • Revolutionized trade
  • Broad feet dont sink, hump stores fat for food
  • 100s-1000s linked in huge caravans
  • Trade led to cities and empires in the West 1st
    was Ghana

4
The Rise of Ghana
  • A crossroads of trade
  • Trade routes reached across the Sahara to N.
    Africa, down the Niger River, and to the rain
    forests of the Congo Basin
  • All trade routes went through Ghana

5
Early trade
  • West Africans wanted salt to preserve food and to
    help bodies
  • Berbers wanted gold to sell in Europe
  • Ghana collected high taxes from each to trade

6
Trade in Ghana
  • Ghana had iron weapons
  • Ghana had a huge army
  • People had a strong demand for the trade items

7
Ghanas government
  • Monarchy
  • Close group of advisors
  • Provinces, governed by lesser kings
  • District chiefs under provinces with clans
  • Power went to nephew, son of kings sister

8
Fall of Ghana
  • New gold mines discovered outside of Ghanas
    control
  • Farming failed in Ghana
  • Fighting with Northern tribes weakened Ghana

9
Rise of Mali
  • Sundiata Keita (sun-dee-AH-tuh KY-tuh)
  • Lion Prince, took control of Ghana, then lands
    from Atlantic coast to Timbuktu
  • Gained control of gold-mining areas

10
Malis government
  • Monarchy
  • Like Ghana, but larger
  • King
  • Land divided into provinces
  • Generals in charge of provinces

11
Mansa Musa
  • Made Mali a great center of education, trade, and
    art
  • Made journey to Makkah (Mecca) in 1324 to show
    power and wealth of Mali
  • 8000 slaves, 100 camels, 24,000 lbs of gold
    (spent so much gold, weakened its worth in Egypt)
  • Convince Muslim leaders to return with him,
    helped to spread Islam in W.Africa

12
Fall of Mali
  • Death of Mansa Musa
  • Kings that followed unable to lead and stop
    Berber invasions
  • Controlled by northern Berbers for a time

13
Rise of Songhai
  • Sunni Ali stormed Timbuktu and forced Berbers out
  • Used Niger River to conquer river tribes and
    extended west to take salt mines
  • Built large empire

14
Songhais government
  • Monarchy
  • Like Ghana and Mali, but larger
  • Muslim kings followed Sunni Ali led by Askia
    Muhammad (pushed Sunni Alis family out)
  • Provinces ruled by local courts based on Islamic
    ideals

15
Fall of Songhai
  • Small army from Morocco crossed Sahara and
    defeated Songhai
  • Army had gunpowder, guns, and cannons Songhai
    did not

16
West African Empires
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