MARKERBOARD MADNESS

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MARKERBOARD MADNESS!!!

• AP Test 1 Review
• Review Topics, AP Basics, Tissues and Organs

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Part 1 The Basics

• Give the functions of the ribosomes, mitochondria
  and endoplasmic reticulum.
• Ribosomes synthesize proteins
• Mitochondria break down food to produce energy
  (as ATP)
• ER transport substances throughout the cell
  rough ER can synthesize and transport proteins
  (rough ribosomes)

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• Describe in detail the structure of the cell
  membrane.
• Phospholipid bilayer external polar hydrophilic
  heads internal nonpolar hydrophobic tails
  proteins assist in transport across the membrane
  proteins and carbs. serve as recognition sites
  for bacteria, hormones, etc.

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• Describe the perfect substance to attempt to put
  through a cell membrane.
• The substance should be small (to fit through
  small pores within the membrane) and nonpolar (to
  quickly dissolve in the nonpolar center of the
  membrane). Large, polar substances (like
  glucose) dont travel through as easily.

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Terrific Transport Topics!Identify each type of
transport described.

• Certain saltwater fish are able to pump salt out
  of their bodies, even though there is a higher
  concentration of salt in the surrounding water.
• ACTIVE TRANSPORT (energy required)

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• The human kidney reabsorbs water from the urinary
  tract into the bloodstream in times of
  dehydration, leading to the production of more
  concentrated urine.
• OSMOSIS (diffusion of water highgtlow
  concentration)

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• Chloride ions are transported across the cell
  membrane. However, they carry negative charges
  and carrier proteins must be used to help the
  ions get across.
• FACILITATED DIFFUSION (carrier proteins)

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• Large white blood cells called macrophages engulf
  bacteria and digest their contents as part of the
  immune response.
• PHAGOCYTOSIS

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BODY TERMINOLOGY

• Describe the position of the first structure
  listed relative to the second.
• Heart spinal cord
• Parotid gland thymus gland
• Pancreas small intestine
• Toe ankle
• Chest shoulder

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Playing the Organ.GameName the organ described
in each case.

• Unique muscle tissue can generate its own nerve
  impulses
• HEART
• Colitis is inflammation of this organ,
  responsible for processing and eliminating waste
• LARGE INTESTINE (colon)

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• The first organ synthesizes insulin and glucagon
  the second uses it to regulate blood sugar.
• PANCREAS LIVER
• Their alveoli help to bring O2 into the
  bloodstream and eliminate CO2 as waste
• LUNGS

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• Transports air from the mouth to the lungs
• TRACHEA
• When it gets blocked, you might have to do the
  Heimlich maneuver
• ESOPHAGUS
• The first organ stores and deposits the ovum the
  second helps it develop
• OVARY UTERUS

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The Terrible TissuesDescribe each tissue in
detail focus on structure and arrangement of
cells, and relate structure to function!

• Epithelial tissue
• Nervous tissue
• Muscle tissue
• Connective tissue

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• Compare and contrast the three different types of
  muscle tissue.
• Compare and contrast the two main proteins in
  connective tissue.

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HAPPY HOMEOSTASIS!!

• Name three ways in which the body will respond if
  someone falls through the ice on a pond in
  winter.
• Shivering (muscle contractions generate heat)
• Vasoconstriction (blood vessels constrict excess
  pressure/friction raises temperature)
• Hair may stand on end to prevent heat loss (esp.
  after being taken out of the water)
• Heat will be redistributed from extremities to
  maintain relatively constant core temp.