Safe Communities and a Sustainable Industry 1996 2006: Present situation and future prospect of LUP

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Safe Communities and a Sustainable Industry 1996
2006 Present
situation and future prospect of LUP concerning
existing situations with uncomfortably high
risks Strasbourg, 22 23 November 2006 Seveso
II Directive Land-Use Planning
Requirements Recommendation for Roadmaps
Claudia Basta Michael Struckl
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Guidance Tools on Land-Use Planning

• Principles
• Principles of LUP, provisions of Art.12
• and how to make them operational

• Roadmaps
• Possible ways to achieve targets
• Principles
• Good practice

• Scientific Basis
• Technical database
• Common accident scenarios
• Failure frequencies
• Risk assessment data

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Status of work for the various guidance tools

• LUP Principles Guidance concluded at the last
  meeting of the Committee of the Competent
  Authorities for the Seveso II Directive, to be
  published in three languages in early 2007
• Technical database in further development steps
• Roadmaps First draft in autumn 2004 based on a
  best practice survey initiated in 2003 and
  completed in summer 2004
• During the elaboration of the LUP Principles
  Guidance some parts were shifted from there to
  the roadmap file in order to distinct between a
  more generic high-level document and a more
  comprehensive supporting paper
• First draft of the roadmap paper in mid 2005,
  presented to the European Working Group on
  Land-Use Planning, to be discussed in the next
  meeting of this WG

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Scope

• Scope of the roadmaps recommendation
• Complementary to the LUP Principles Guidance
• Provide theoretical background for bridging the
  gap between traditional land-use/urban planning
  and the Seveso II Directive
• Clarification of different wordings/definitons/mea
  nings
• Clarification on relationship between traditional
  fields of risk analysis and LUP
• Provide more exact information on necessary
  elements
• Examples of existing practice

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Limitations
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Contents

• Reflections on the theoretical framework of risk
  in land-use planning
• Article 12 of Seveso II and related European
  environmental policies EIA, IPPC, SEA, ESPDP
• Benchmarks of decisional routes hazard/risk
  assessment methods, reference scenarios,
  tolerability thresholds (endpoints) target
  classification ( territorial or environmental
  targets)
• Recommendations for essential elements of the
  decisional routes
• Annex 5 national examples of good practice
  (France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, UK)

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Approach/Method Selection Necessary Elements

• Approach Definition of risk and the way how
  risk is evaluated and compared to a measure (i.e.
  deterministic/probabilistic)
• Method Concepts of hazard identification and
  risk analysis compatible with the approach (i.e.
  HAZOP, fault tree analysis etc.)
• Necessary elements depending on the approach
• Definition on limiting conditions
• Reliable set of data (failure frequencies,
  population, environment)
• Scenario selection
• Calculation endpoints
• Risk measure (effects, risk figure)
• Status of endpoints and risk measure
  (recommendation, mandatory etc.)

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Commonly used approaches in support to Land-Use
Planning decisions

• Four (five) broad categories
• Risk-based approach - assessment of both the
  consequences and the likelihood of occurrence
  calculation of risk as a function of likelihood
  and consequences risk tolerability criteria
  (individual risk / societal risk).
• Consequence-based approach - assessment of
  consequences of selected scenarios
  worst-in-absolute scenario not necessarily
  included frequencies implicitly taken into
  account result zoning criteria based on effects
• Generic safety distances - for standardised
  installations, deriving from standard risk/hazard
  assessment of a typical facility, often used as
  default or for screening purposes.
• Hybrid approaches combination of other
  approaches e. g. semi-quantitative approach
• Deterministic approach with implicit judgement of
  risk state-of-the-art legal obligation to
  operate without imposing any risk to the
  population outside the fence application of
  state-of-the-art technology additional safety
  measures precautionary element for LUP zones
  are derived from the consequences of
  representative scenarios.

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Tolerability/Vulnerability

• Quantitative risk measure in the form of risk
  figures and/or effect endpoints
• Qualitative risk measure in the form of
  vulnerability indicators
• Systematic definition

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Vulnerability
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Result Zoning

• Zoning in the context of Seveso II means a
  categorized restriction of land-use according to
  the major accident potential
• Again the zoning may be based on risk figures or
  consequence effects