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Pain and Pain Theories

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An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with ... Activates phospholipase. Release Arachidonic Acid. Converted to prostaglandin or bradykinin ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Pain and Pain Theories


1
Pain and Pain Theories
2
Introduction
  • What is pain?
  • An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience
    associated with actual or potential tissue
    damage, or described in such terms as tissue
    damage

3
Introduction
  • Pain is subjective
  • Does pain have a purpose?
  • Types of Pain
  • Acute Pain
  • Chronic Pain
  • Referred Pain
  • Radiating

4
Neurophysiology of Pain
  • Afferent Peripheral Receptor Types
  • Special Receptors
  • Visceral Receptors
  • Deep Receptors
  • Superficial Receptors

5
Afferent Peripheral Receptors
  • Special
  • Transmit taste, sight, smell
  • Visceral Receptors
  • Transmit hunger, distention, nausea
  • Deep
  • Kinesthesia, joint position sense, deep pressure
    and pain
  • Muscle -- GTOs, muscle spindles
  • Articular Structures fast and slow adapting
    mechanoreceptor and nociceptors

6
Afferent Peripheral Receptors
  • Superficial
  • Warm/cold, touch, pressure, itch and pain from
    skin level
  • 3 categories
  • Mechanorecptors
  • Thermoreceptors
  • Nociceptors

7
Mechanorecpetors
  • Mechanical stimuli
  • Touch, pressure, stroking

8
Mechanorecpetors
  • Mechanical stimuli
  • Touch, pressure, stroking
  • Fast-adapting Receptors
  • Pacinian Corpuscles
  • Meissner Cpropuscles
  • Respond to pressure and touch very quickly

9
Mechanorecpetors
  • Mechanical stimuli
  • Touch, pressure, stroking
  • Fast-adapting Receptors
  • Slow-adapting Receptors
  • Merkel Cell Ending
  • Ruffinni Endings
  • Stimulated by sustained stimuli

10
Thermoreceptors
  • Respond to temp and temp changes
  • Slow-adapting structures
  • Warm vs cold receptor firing

11
Nociceptors
  • Transmit pain impulses
  • Described as free nerve ending
  • Stimulated by
  • Mechanical
  • Chemical
  • Thermal

12
What is the initial response to pain stimulus?
13
Release of Chemical Mediators
Cell trauma
  • Pain always begin with chemical response

Release dopamine and NE from Cell membrane
Activates phospholipase
Converted to prostaglandin or bradykinin
Release Arachidonic Acid
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