From the device to the outside plant installation practice

1
The role of technology

• From the device to the outside plant
  installation practice
• Daniel Lecrosnier
• France Telecom /CNET
• CH L. Budry, C. Zimmer
• DT B. Jacobs
• FT F. Bourgart, D. Jugan, C. Kazmierski, A.
  Madani, S. Mottet
• HT G. Gerdai, P. Jeszenoi, K. Szomolanyi
• PT M. Pousa, Ana Cristina
• TE D. Collins
• TI P. Bradley, N. Caponio, G. Ciochetto, G.
  Destefanis, A. Gnazzo
• Sonera Ltd A. Immonen

daniel. lecrosnier_at_cnet.francetelecom.fr
2
Presentation outline

• P614 Task 4 broadband access enabling
  technologies
• FTTx infrastructures requirements challenges
• xDSL hardware analysis
• Power Lines communications
• Conclusions

3
Task4 addressing basic technologies
State of the art and evolutions Cost figures
standardisation issues FTTx Optoelectronic
modules Optical cabling technologies
Point to point / point to multipoint links
Measurements and maintenance of the hardware
Opportunities for WDM technologies in access
Powering Civil work Installation
techniques Copper xDSL techniques Power
lines communications
ANCIT workshop Torino March 98
4
FTTx infrastructure hardware civil work
(HFR)
(HFC)
5
Optical access network specific requirements
1. Reduce the costs O/E conversion
hardware, installation, civil works 2. Overcome
many environmental constraints . aerial
cables (humidity, temperature variations, UV,
wind, frost, snow, shots) special
fibre/cable design, robust connecting
technologies . cable installation using
copper civil work (overlay deployment) low
diameter, high density fibre cables . many
branching points easy splicing, fast connector
mounting . indoor cabling low curvature
radius fibre/cable . customer installation
hardware must be secure, robust and friendly to
handle
6
ATM/PON standard from FSAN
Optical Transmission 2 fibres 1fibre
1fibre WDM WDM 1.3µm
1.3 1.5 1.3 1.3- Bit rate (Mbit/s)
between Downstream Upstream OLT and
ONU Symmetric 155 155.52
155.52 Asymmetric 622 622.08
155.52 Optical path loss 10 - 25 dB (G.982
Class B) 15 - 30 dB (G.982 Class
C) Differential path loss 15 dB Overall
reflectance at S/R points 32 dB Temperature
FTTH ONU 0 to 60C (case
temperature) - 40 to 85C (storage)
7
O/E module road map
InP
Evolution of Technologies
Integrated optical module
WDM mux/dmux

Laser with spot size converter
l
l
,
l
1
2
1
Fibre
l
Waveguide Photodiode
2

PLC Si platform

Hybrid optical module
(Planar Lightwave Circuit)
Years
Micro-optics
1990
2000
8
Basic cost of O/E modules
5
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Data rate 155 Mbit/s 1996 FSAN data
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9
Cabling technologies feeder section
Low diameter, low weight, high density optical
cables are available
Cost of standard G652 fibre in cable is about 2
times the copper pairs
10
Cabling technologies drop CPN
Need for cables with few single mode fibres -
hard environment - today G652 fibre diameter
bend 60 to 40 mm - improved fibre less
sensitive to strain, new coatings à 20 mm
target Alternative fibres - Multimode
silica fibre - Plastic clad silica fibre -
Plastic fibre easy to connect
(indoor use) - fibre still at evaluation
stage - cost?
easy to connect
11
Cabling technologies
Installation with blowing techniques (ANCIT
workshop)
First patents from BT blowing of optical fibre
unit - up to 6 fibres - range up to 800 meters
Extended to cables pulling/blowing - range up
to 2400 meters
12
Cabling technologies
Micro cable micro civil work
Micro Cabling System from Siemens (ANCIT workshop)
13
Cabling technologies
Connectors field mounting is recognised as a
critical issue Innovations are expected -
simplified mounting procedure - ceramic ferrule
replaced by glass, plastic - ferrule-less
connector - multi-fibre connectors,
miniaturisation - easy fibre preparation,
polishing (?) Splices - fusion preferred by
most operators but high cost (40) - mechanical
under field test
Advanced solutions - MT - RJ system - VF-
45 - SC Light Crimp - Optoclip
14
Cabling technologies splitters
3 technologies - fibre - planar
glass - PLC - High cost 50 EURO per
port
COST (EURO)
- Location is still an open question - in
the field (near customer premises) - at local
exchange
QUANTITIES
15
A comparison study P to P / P to MP
NOC98 (Manchester, UK)
16
Functional comparison
120.00
100.00
80.00
60.00
Evaluation factor (arbitr. units)
40.00
20.00
0.00
Case 2 P to MP Splitter in LEX
Case 3 P to MP Splitter outside
Case 1 P to P
17
Hardware monitoring based on OTDR
Outside plant
Local exchange
l s
F
OLT
Rm
F
ONU
OS
l m
l s
OTDR
l m
To other PONs
Control
OS Optical selector
Rm Reference reflection
WDM
l m ( 1600-1650 nm window )
18
WDM opportunities in access

• WDM is booming in trunk networks.
• Whats about in access?
• Where WDM could be used in the access network?
• What are the drivers for WDM?
• How WDM could be implemented in the access
  network?
• Is WDM technology ready for access application ?
  (WDM lite)
• What economical advantages could be foreseen
  using WDM?
• What could be suggested to Network Operators
  today?

19
WDM in access where? why? when?
Capacity upgrade Short term
Capacity upgrade Service separation Long term
Dedicated l Short/mid term
20
ADSL hardware analysis

• Modems are mainly based on silicon technology
• Basic functions
• analogue/digital converter, DSP, interfaces
• gt 3 to 5 chips, 3 million transistors, CMOS
  0.5- 0.35µm, lt 100
• splitter, protection (passive components)

Today value
21
ADSL hardware analysis

• Copper network ability to support ADSL depends on
  historical practices
• most European networks length fits quite well
• uncertainties rely on
• cable gauge, insulation, design, bridged taps
• installation in duct, buried, aerial
• Testing quality performance is becoming a
  critical issue
• Indoor cabling
• first trials lesson is to be drastically
  simplified...
• low disturbance solutions recommended

22
Power Lines communications
Transmission of data on low voltage electricity
distribution network Foreseen domains of
applications
Outdoor
Indoor
BASE
STATION
TOWARD
CORE NETWORK
COAX or FIBRE
METER
COAX
ADAPTORS
TRANSFORMER
MV/LV
POWER LINE CABLES
23
PLC first view, open questions

• Outdoor could be an alternative but...
• technical feasibility announced, but not clearly
  demonstrated
• limited bandwidth 1Mbit/s shared with
  (200-250) customers
• connected to the same MV/LV transformer
• many noise sources household appliances,
  radio-amateur
• variable cable impedance
• EMC, standardisation cost issues to be
  addressed
• field trials need co-operation with electricity
  suppliers
• A Wooden Horse among Telcos?
• Indoor products are available for low data rate
  applications

24
Conclusions

• Which broadband technologies for access ?
• ADSL ready now for large scale deployment
• Fibre based solutions for
• customers whose demand cant be satisfied with
  ADSL
• business FTTB/F/O
• SOHO residential FTTCab/H - HFC, HFR
• green field areas, infrastructure renewal
• PLC immature with today knowledge