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Ligaments and Tendons

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Dense connective tissue (parallel-fibers of collagen) - Sparsely vascularized ... Local Cortisone - alters collagen organization in tendon - random versus parallel ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Ligaments and Tendons


1
Ligaments and Tendons
2
Ligaments
  • Augment the mechanical stability of joints
  • Guide joint motion
  • Prevent excessive motion

3
Tendons
  • Attach muscle to bone
  • Transmit tensile loads from muscle to bone

4
Composition
  • Dense connective tissue (parallel-fibers of
    collagen)
  • - Sparsely vascularized
  • Cellular (fibroblasts) 20
  • Extracellular (80)
  • - 70 H2O
  • - 30 solids collagen, ground substance, elastin

5
Composition
  • Collagen
  • - ligaments - 75 of solids
  • - tendons 75 of solids

6
Ligament/Tendon Schematic
7
Ligament/Tendon Schematic
8
Ligament versus Tendon
9
Tendon - Structure and Function
  • sustain high tensile forces
  • flexible

10
Ligament - Structure and Function
  • pliant and flexible
  • strong and inextensible/inelastic

11
Injury is affected by
  • Rate of impact
  • Amount of load

12
Tendon
3
4
2
1
13
ACL Injury
14
ACL Injury
Microfailure
Load
Complete Failure
Physiological Loading
Injury
Joint Displacement
Clinical Test
15
Ligamentum Flavum
16
Factors affecting Mechanical Properties
  • Maturation
  • - ?20 ? quality of cross-links ?? ? tensile
    strength and ?collagen fiber diameter
    (hypertrophy)

17
Factors affecting Mechanical Properties
  • Aging
  • collagen content ? ? ? stiffness, strength
    ability to withstand deformation
  • Pregnancy and postpartum
  • tensile strength stiffness in tendons ?

18
Factors affecting Mechanical Properties
  • Physical Training
  • - ?tendon tensile strength and ligament-bone
    interface strength
  • - ligaments become stronger and stiffer,
    collagen fibers increase in diameter

19
Factors affecting Mechanical Properties
  • Immobilization
  • - ? tensile strength of ligaments, more
    elongation, less stiff
  • - ? in cross-links
  • -After 8 weeks of immobilization ? 12 months to
    recover strength stiffness

20
Effects of Immobilization
21
Effects of Immobilization
22
Effects of Immobilization
23
Factors affecting Mechanical Properties
  • NSAIDS
  • - ? tensile strength possibly due to ?
    cross-linkage
  • Local Cortisone
  • - alters collagen organization in tendon
  • - random versus parallel
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