ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

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ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

• Urbanization
• Tourism
• Industry
• Mining

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AVAILABLE INFORMACION

• Heavy Metals
• 39 articles 21 Baja California, 18 Baja
  California Sur
• Organochlorides
• (PCB and some pesticides- DDT, Dieldrin)
• 12 articles 11 Baja California 1 BCS Santa
  Domingo
• Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
• (PAH- petroleum and fossil fuels)
• 4 articles US border, Bahía San Quintín, Todos
  Santos
• Pesticides (organophosphates and carbamates)
• Almost nothing has been published

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STRATEGIC PROJECT

• ECOTOXICOLOGY
• OBJECTIVE Determine critical areas in Baja
  California with toxicological problems and their
  effects on ecosystems and implications for the
  health of human populations.

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TURTLE AS INDICATOR SPECIES
Long life span and large size
Top Predators of the Food Chain
Species with high exposure to contaminants
All species are in danger of extinction
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SENTINALS OF ECOSYTEM HEALTH
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i
Gardner and Nichols, 2001
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Studies of Organochlorine Contaminants in Sea
Turtles
D. Coriacea C. caretta
L. kempy C. caretta C. mydas
C. Caretta C mydas D coriacea
C. mydas
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Evaluation of the Health of Sea Turtle
Populations in the Baja California Peninsula
Dr. Susan C. Gardner Dr. Tania Zenteno Savin Dr.
Felipe Ascencio Valle
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Dr. S. Gardner Students A. Juarez S.
Fitzgerald I. Sifuentes
Dr. F. Ascencio Dr. J. Arellano M. Gómez del
Prado Students A. Cordero P. A. Trujilla H.
Castelán
Dr. T. Zenteno Student P. Valdivia
Funded by CONACYT
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Heavy Metal Concentration (ppm ww)
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Organochloride Residues (ng/g ww)
a?PCB Congéners 8, 18, 28, 44, 52, 66, 77, 101,
105, 118, 126, 128, 138, 153, 170, 180, 187, 195,
206, 209 b? DDT 2,4'-DDD, 4,4'-DDD,
2,4'-DDE, 4,4'-DDE, 2,4'-DDT, 4,4'-DDT c?Chlor
cis- and trans-chlordane, cis-nonachlor,
trans-nonachlor, oxychlordane, heptachlor,
heptachlor epoxide. HCB Hexaclorobenzeno Mirex
was below detection limits in all samples
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PCBs in Sea Turtle Tissues
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Congeners 101, 105, 138, 126, 170, 195, 206, 77
not detected
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FUTURE?
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SEA TURTLE TISSUE BANK
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Arturo Juarez, CIBNOR Sionnan Fitzgerald,
CIBNOR Ray Wesselman, EPA Ohio Dawn Pier, Cabo
Pulmo
CIBNOR CONACYT PADI AWARE Bay Foundation
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  Changes in the Relative Abundance of Gray
Whales (Eschrichtius robustus) in Magdalena Bay 

• S.C. Gardner and S. Chávez-Rosales

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Objectives

• Determine the relative abundance of E. robustus
  in Magdalena Bay from 1997 a 1999.
• Examine the relationship between migration
  behavior and water temperature.

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Comparison Across Years
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Temperatures in March
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Conclusions

• There was a significant decrease in the relative
  abundance of gray whales during the El Niño of
  1998

The relative abundance from 1997 to 1999 was
negatively correlated with water temperature
Environmental conditions rather than site
fidelity could be important factors determining
breeding location
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Acknowledgements

• The School for Field Studies and students
• Hector Perez-Cortéz and Octavio Maravilla
  CRIP, La Paz
• Francisco Ollervides Texas AM University

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