Change in Ontology and Ontology of Change

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Change in Ontology and Ontology of Change

• Farhad Mostowfi
• Farshad Fotouhi
• Department of Computer Science
• Wayne State University
• Detroit, Michigan USA

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Agenda

• Problem Statement
• Related Work
• Proposed Solution
• Preliminary Results
• Future Work

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Why Ontology Changes?

• New discoveries in the field
• Change in conceptualization
• Change in the scope
• Importing ontologies

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Two Recent Versions of GOLD
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Two Recent Versions of GOLD
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Change in Hierarchy

• Adding a class or property
• Removing a class or property
• Merging two classes or properties
• Splitting a class into two classes

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Change in Classes

• Renaming a class
• Changing label, comment or cardinality of a class
• Changing parent
• Removing parent
• Adding a child
• Removing a child
• Adding a property to a class
• Removing a property from a class

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Change in Properties

• Renaming a property
• Changing the domain
• Changing the range
• Changing the sub-property reference
• Changing label or comment

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Other Changes

• Property Characteristics
• Equality or Inequality
• Restricted Cardinality
• Union or Intersection

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Problem Statement

• Managing versions of ontology
• Recognizing and representing changes
• Accessing Instances
• Data Retrieval
• Data Interpretation

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Ontology Versioning and Schema Versioning

• Richer model
• Ontology is data itself
• Imported to other ontologies
• Ontologies are de-centralized
• Traced vs. untraced evolution

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Related Work

• PROMPTDIFF
• CONCORDIA
• SHOE
• Kleins Framework

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LINGOES Components

• OntoGloss
• RDF Repository
• Change Management
• User Interface

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LINGOES Framework
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Change Management

• Delta Specifications
• Ontology of Change
• Rules to Extract Delta
• OntoChange

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Delta An Example
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Querying the Delta
SELECT Subject, _at_Predicate, Object FROM Subject
_at_Predicate Y. _at_Predicate Z, Y _at_W
Object WHERE _at_Predicaterdftype and
ZDeltaRemovedClass and _at_WDeltahadParent
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Delta An Example

• lt?From the Old Version to the New Version?gt
• ltDeltabaseOntology IDGOLD1gt
• ltrdfDescription rdfabout"GOLDClitic"gt
• ltrdftype rdfresource"DeltaModifiedParentCl
  ass"/gt
• ltDeltahadParent rdfresource"GOLDSimpleSubL
  exicalUnit"/gt
• ltDeltahadChild rdfresource"GOLDProClitic"/
  gt
• ltDeltahadChild rdfresource"GOLDEnClitic"/gt
  
• lt/rdfDescriptiongt
• ltrdfDescription rdfabout"GOLDInflectionalUni
  t"gt
• ltrdftype rdfresource"DeltaModifiedParentCl
  ass"/gt
• ltDeltahadChild rdfresource"GOLD"/gt
• ltDeltahadParent rdfresource"GOLDSimpleSubL
  exicalUnit"/gt
• lt/rdfDescriptiongt
• ltrdfDescription rdfabout"GOLDSimpleSubLexica
  lUnit"gt
• ltDeltahadChild rdfresource"GOLDClitic"/gt
• ltDeltahadParent rdfresource"GOLDSubLexical
  Unit"/gt
• ltDeltahadChild rdfresource"GOLDInflectiona
  lUnit"/gt
• ltrdftype rdfresource"DeltaRemovedClass"/gt
• lt/rdfDescriptiongt

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Hierarchy of Versions
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Ontology of Change
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Removed Class

• Definition is removed
• Old children with new parent
• Old parents with new children
• No domain reference
• No range reference

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Rules to Extract Delta
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Rules to Extract Delta - RemovedClass
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Rules to Extract Delta RemovedObjectProperty
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Rules to Extract Delta RemovedObjectProperty
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OntoChange
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Experimental Study
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Future Work

• Combining Deltas
• Importing Ontologies
• Reasoning
• Tool Support