The nucleus as a probe of the electroweak theory: some tests of the V-A theory in electromagnetic traps

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The nucleus as a probe of the electroweak
theorysome tests of the V-A theory in
electromagnetic traps 
Pierre Delahaye, CERN/ISOLDE
Exploring the Impact of New Neutrino Beams,
Trento 20/10/2004
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The nucleus as a probe of the electroweak theory
Some experiment at small laboratories / nuclear
facilities
Measurement of Ft for superallowed b
transitions n decay
CVC hypothesis CKM matrix unitarity
b end-point measurement MAC-E-Filter Mainz ?
KATRIN Karlsruhe
Mass of the neutrino
Search for exotic currents Leptoquarks
Measurement of b - n angular correlation in
nuclear beta decay
Search for right handed currents
b polarimetry NICOLE
CP violation / Time reversal violation
n EDM EDM in radioactive nuclides n decay
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The nucleus as a probe of the electroweak theory
Where can ions/atoms traps be used ?
Penning trap mass spectrometry at ISOLTRAP
Measurement of Ft for superallowed b
transitions n decay
CVC hypothesis CKM matrix unitarity
WITCH recoil spectrometer LPC transparent Paul
trap MOT experiments LBNL, TRIUMF KVI in
preparation
b end-point measurement MAC-E-Filter Mainz ?
KATRIN Karlsruhe
Mass of the neutrino
Search for exotic currents Leptoquarks
Measurement of b - n angular correlation in
nuclear beta decay
Search for right handed currents
MOT experiments LANL, TRIUMF, KVI
b polarimetry NICOLE
CP violation / Time reversal violation
MOT experiments INFN Legnaro PNC in atoms
n EDM EDM in radioactive nuclides
About MOT John Behr https//www.phy.ornl.gov/enam
04-talks/TalkTransfer?319talk
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b-n angular correlation in nuclear beta decay
F. Bloch and Moller, Nature 136(1935)912
b - n angular correlation Nature of the
interaction
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b-n angular correlation in nuclear beta decay
b decay spectrum
a

• Fermi transition (DJ0)

• Gamow-Teller transition (DJ01)

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b-n angular correlation in nuclear beta decay
Best former measurements of the b - n angular
parameter

• Pure Fermi transitions

• Pure Gamow Teller transitions

V-A aF1
V-A aGT-1/3
Adelberger et al. (1999)
Johnson et al. (1963!)
32Ar
6He
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b-n angular correlation in nuclear beta decay
A Paul trap as the center of the detection setup
- Transparent Paul trap, UHV - Ions confined in
the middle of the device, nearly at rest - In
coincidence detection of the electron and the
recoil ion
b particle
Recoil ion
Beta telescope Silicone stripped detector
Scintillator
MCP Delay lines anode

• In coincidence measurement of
• the time of flight of the recoil ion tR
• the beta particle energy Eb
• the angle between these two particles qer

Pierre Delahaye et al., Hyp. Int. 132(2001)479
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b-n angular correlation in nuclear beta decay
Choice of the nucleus of interest
Criteria - pure Gamow Teller or Fermi
transition - less perturbation of the recoil ion
trajectory low mass ion - preferably a
transition not followed by gamma decay - produced
in relatively high intensity by SPIRAL/GANIL
6He ions
(TR)max1.4 keV
SPIRAL 3.8 108 pps ECR 80p.mm.mrad _at_ 40 kV
Need for an efficient device to cool the ions
before their injection into the measurement trap
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b-n angular correlation in nuclear beta decay
RFQ cooler buncher cooling the 6He beam
Buffer gas (He, H2) cooling
RF field radial confinement
potential
cooler
buncher
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b-n angular correlation in nuclear beta decay
Installation at SPIRAL / GANIL
SPIRAL
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b-n angular correlation in nuclear beta decay
The Paul trap
r012.5 mm
Tube trap (conceived for the experiment)
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b-n angular correlation in nuclear beta decay
The whole assembly
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b-n angular correlation in nuclear beta decay
The WITCH experiment IKS Leuven at ISOLDE
Retardation spectrometer
35Ar decay Search for scalar interaction
Recoil ion energy spectrum
D. Beck NIM A 503(2003)567
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b-n angular correlation in nuclear beta decay
The TRINAT experiment at TRIUMF
J. Behr et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 375
A MOT as the center of the detection setup
From Dan Melconian, PhD, Triumf
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Test of CVC and the unitarity of the CKM matrix
Penning trap mass spectrometry at ISOLTRAP
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Test of CVC and the unitarity of the CKM matrix
High precision mass measurement of the exotic
nuclides
TOF vs. excitation frequency
Scan QP-excitation freq. nrf about nc
Magnetron excitation
Quadrupolar excitation nrf
Radial energy ? axial energy
Magnetron excitation r?
Cyclotron excitation r
TOF resonance
Relative accuracy (dm/m) 10-7
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Test of CVC and the unitarity of the CKM matrix
CVC test
Standard Model the nuclear environment does not
affect the vector currents
Superallowed b transitions 0 -gt 0

• Comparative half-life

• corrected ft

Is constant in the CVC hypothesis
dR radiative correction dC isospin
symmetry-breaking correction DRV nucleus
independent radiative correction
fQ5
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Test of CVC and the unitarity of the CKM matrix
Refining the calculations of the radiative
corrections
Actually 9 nuclides take part to the Vud
determination CVC hypothesis ok
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Test of CVC and the unitarity of the CKM matrix
Unitarity test of the first row of the CKM matrix
Vus andVub from Kaon and B decays
Gm the purely leptonic coupling constant of the
muon decay
The uncertainty is mainly
Theoretical Radiative corrections
From nuclear beta decays
Experimental Mixed transition
From n decay
Experimental Branching ratio
From p decay
From I.S. Towner J. C. Hardy, J. Phys.
G29(2003)197
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Test of CVC and the unitarity of the CKM matrix
Refining the calculations of the radiative
corrections
From J. C. Hardy, ENAM 2004 conference, Pine
Mountains
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Test of CVC and the unitarity of the CKM matrix
74Rb and 74Kr mass measurement
74Rb( ß)74Kr
74Kr u ( m ) 2.1 keV T1/2 11.5 min 74Rb u (
m ) 4.0 keV T1/2 65 ms
required u(M)1 keV
dc from I.S. Towner J. C. Hardy Phys Rev C
66(2002)

1. Kellerbauer et al, PRL 93(2004)

0.8 s away from the other measurements Principal
uncertainty from dc
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Test of CVC and the unitarity of the CKM matrix
dc assuming CVC
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Test of CVC and the unitarity of the CKM matrix
22Mg and 22Na mass measurement
Contradictory former measurements
CVC 1.3 s away from other Ft
Main uncertainty from the branching ratio of the
transition
Assuming CVC B53.319(38)
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Conclusion

• Tests of the Standard Model some experiments at
  small laboratories / nuclear facilities
• - Precision experiments
• Electromagnetic traps are interesting tools
• - Soon some results from b - n angular
  correlation measurements
• - More masses measurement at ISOLTRAP
• - MOT experiments in development

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LPC CAEN (LPC-trap collaboration)
Gilles Ban, Guillaume Darius, Pierre Delahaye,
Dominique Durand, Xavier Flechard, Mustapha
Herbane, Marc Labalme, Etienne Lienard, François
Mauger, Alain Mery, Oscar Naviliat
ISOLTRAP
G.Audi, K. Blaum, G. Bollen, D.Beck, P. Delahaye,
C. Guénaut, F. Herfurth, A. Kellerbauer, H.-J.
Kluge, D. Lunney, S. Schwarz, L. Schweikhard, C.
Weber, C. Yazidijan ..., the ISOLTRAP and ISOLDE
collaboration
REXTRAP
Friedhelm Ames, Pierre Delahaye, Fredrik Wenander
and the REXISOLDE collaboration
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b-n angular correlation in nuclear beta decay
The Adelberger et als experiment
b-delayed proton emission
Broadening of the proton energy spectrum
EG Adelberger et al., PRL 83(1999)1299