Title: Modified from a PowerPoint Presentation made to accompany Holes Human Anatomy and Physiology, 11e by
1(No Transcript)
2 Modified from a PowerPoint Presentation made
to accompanyHoles Human Anatomy and
Physiology, 11/e byShier,
Butler, and LewisMcGraw-Hill - publisher
3Chap. 5 - tissues
- Al Mina, M.D.
- Erskine College
4Tissues
- Layers or groups of similar cells with a common
function. - Histologystudy of tissues
5Types of tissue
- Epithelial
- Connective
- Muscle
- Nerve
6Epithelial Tissue
- Functions
- protection, secretion, absorption, and excretion
- Generally lines spaces and hollows within the
body- one surface is free - Composed
- tightly packed cells anchored to a basement
membrane - lacks blood vessels
- rapidly divide
7How to classify and name Epithelia
- Thickness of the epithelium
- Shape of TOP LAYER of cells
- (the once closest to the lumen)
Lumen
Surface
Thickness (measured in of cell layers)
Basement membrane
8Simple vs stratified
- One cell layer (no matter how thick) simple
- More than one cell layer stratified
- Are all cells touching basement membrane?
9Simple, cuboidal, columnar
- Look at layer closest to the apical (free)
surface. - Flat squamous
- Square/cubecuboidal
- Tall/rectangular columnar
10Simple squamous epithelium
- single, layer, flat
- Easy to pass through, therefore common at
diffusion or filtration sites - Alveoli, capillaries, inner lining of blood
vessels, membranes
11Simple Squamous Epithelium
Figure 5.1
12Simple cuboidal
- Single layer cube shaped cells nuclei central,
spherical - Involved in secretion and absorption
- Primarily ducts of glands, kidney tubules,
thyroid follicles
13Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
Figure 5.2
14Simple columnar
- Single layer elongated cells all nuclei at same
level - Some have cilia
- Secretion, absorption digestive, reproductive
systems - Absorptive cells have microvilli to increase
surface area - Associated with goblet cells secrete protective
mucus
15Simple Columnar Epithelium
Figure 5.3
16Pseudostratified columnar
- Nuclei are at different levels
- All cells touch Basement membrane
- Ciliated, goblet cells present
- Respiratory tract
17Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium
Figure 5.5
18Stratified squamous
- Thick layer, outermost flat
- Tissue at skin produces keratin for protection
- Nonkeratinized tissue in mouth, esophagus, anal
canal
19Stratified Squamous Epithelium
Figure 5.6
20Stratified cuboidal
- Larger ducts of mammary, sweat, salivary glands,
assoc. with reproductive
21Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium
Figure 5.7
22Stratified columnar
23Stratified Columnar Epithelium
Figure 5.8
24Transitional epithelium
- More stretchable
- Thick in relaxed state cuboidal cells
- Also forms protective layer
- Found in ureters, urinary bladder
25Transitional Epithelium
Figure 5.9a
26Glandular epithelium
- Cells that produce and secrete substances
- Exocrine secrete to outside surfaces
(intestinal tract, skin) - Endocrine secrete into blood or tissues
- Can be single cell or multicelled
- Multicelled can be simple or compound (branches)
27Mode of secretion
- Merocrine release by exocytosis
- Apocrine lose portions of cells
- Holocrine release entire cells
28Glandular Secretion
Figure 5.11
29Glandular Secretion
30Glandular Secretion