Clean Fresh Water A Limited Replenishable Resource

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Clean Fresh Water A Limited Replenishable
Resource

• Darlene Oehlke

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• From a distance, the Earth is a blue planet.
• 70 of the surface is covered with water.

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97 of the Earths water is salt water Less
than 3 is fresh water 80 of all fresh water
is trapped in glaciers, icebergs, snowLess than
1 of the fresh water is available for human use
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97 of the water on the planet is salt water.
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Water Activity

• Using the glassware and equipment available, make
  a short demonstration to show the amounts of
  salty and fresh water on the Earth.

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• The sun evaporates water from the ocean, winds
  bring the clouds over land

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The sun drives the water cycle
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Activity

• Complete the diagram of the water cycle showing
  the following stocks ocean, surface water,
  ground water, ice and snow.
• Label the flows precipitation, infiltration,
  runoff, evaporation, condensation, discharge,
  melting, freezing

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• Humans Affect the Water Cycle
• Withdraw water from aquifers faster than rate of
  replenishment
• Degrade water supplies with wastes
• Dam rivers for hydroelectric power
• Deforestation increases run off.

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Human water use

• Irrigation for agriculture
• Industry
• Domestic use

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WHO (World Health Organization) Standards for
water

• 75 liters/day minimum to protect against
  household disease
• 50 liters/day Minimum for basic sanitation
• Individual consumption varies 4
  liters/day Masai, Africa 500 liters/day
  Los Angeles

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Domestic use
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Water for drinking

• An average human
• Consumes 2.3 liters of water/day
• Releases 2.3 liters of water/day
• 0.5 liters ? sweat
• 0.3 liters ? respiration
• 1.5 liters ? waste

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Water Pollution

• Human waste sewage

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Water shortages

• 1.1 billion people lack reliable access to clean
  water
• 40 of global population lacks access to proper
  sanitation.In Bangladesh 60 have no access to
  latrines.

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Diseases in water

• 4 billion cases of diarrhea per year worldwide
• 15 of all deaths among children under 5 in
  developing countries
• A child dies every 15 seconds from a disease
  caused by lack of access to safe drinking water,
  inadequate sanitation and poor hygiene.
• Around 4 million people die every year from water
  related diseases.

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Agricultural Use

• 70 of fresh water use is for irrigation - Much
  is wasted
• Standard irrigation (50 gets to roots and 50 is
  wasted)

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Irrigation
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Agricultural runoff
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Agricultural runoff
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Industrial Use

• Only 10 of water used goes into the product
• 90 is discarded, often permanently fouled

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Industrial water pollution
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Water magazine project

• Find two articles One is about a water problem,
  the other is about a water solution.
• Turn your report in using turnitin.com