PURPOSIVE TRANSITION ANALYSIS: DYNAMICS OF INDIAN SANITARY REGIMES

1
PURPOSIVE TRANSITION ANALYSIS DYNAMICS OF INDIAN
SANITARY REGIMES

• GOVIND GOPAKUMAR
• PhD Candidate, Dept. of Science Tech Studies
• Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, USA

2
INTRODUCTION

• Motivations
• Multi-level Socio-technical Transition
• Framework for Purposive Transition Analysis
• Case Studies
• Discussion of Results

3
MOTIVATIONS

• Agendas of Sustainable development - Green vs
  Brown.
• Adoption of the Millennium Development Goals
  (MDG)
• Target 10 To cut in half by 2015 lack of access
  to WSS
• Paradigm shift required (a Transition?)
• Shift from supply-side approaches
• Public-Private Partnerships

4
MULTI-LEVEL TRANSITIONS

• Characterizing transitions
• Interlinked levels.
• Reorientation of core rule sets.
• Internal/External
• Coordinated/Uncoordinated
• Four dynamics of transitions (Smith et al 2005)
• Endogenous renewal
• Reorientation of trajectory
• Emergent Transformation
• Purposive Transition

5
PURPOSIVE TRANSITIONS

• Purposive Transitions draw on external
  resources, but have been deliberately intended
  and pursued from the outset to reflect an
  explicit set of social expectations or interests
  (Smith et al 2005).
• Dynamic
• Alignment of social actors catalyze the
  transition
• Bring about a common vision of successor regime.

6
Purposive Transitions (contd.)

• Key features
• Presence of Innovation patterns
• Role of outsiders in regime transformation
• Role of mechanisms in outsider involvement.
• Deliberate step-wise transformation
• Use of tactical maneuvers.
• Purposive Alignment Strategy
• Analogous with Bourdieus Field Theory
• Creation of local sociotechnical orders

7
PURPOSIVE TRANSITION ANALYSIS

• Analyzing the acquisition of durability in
  sanitary partnerships
• Four parameters for analysis of durability
• Role Allocation
• Coalition resources
• Focus of Technology Development
• Mechanisms of intervention

8
CASE STUDIES
Partnership Location Objective Partners Success
SNP Ahmedabad Low-cost sanitation City, NGO Industry No
NBP Bangalore Modern Public Toilet City, BATF consultant No
SWSSP Bangalore Sanitary Connection Utility, NGO SDU Yes
ASP Chennai Modern sewer system City, RWA TNUIFSL Yes
9
ROLE ALLOCATION
Case Study SNP NBP SWSSP ASP
Critical Actor Industrial Hi-tech service industry Political NGO Municipal Chairman
Role of Critical Actor Financial Mobilization Tech Managerial Expertise Mobilization Mobilization
Role of Critical Actor Focal Focal Mediational Mediational
Role of Non-critical Actor Derivative Derivative Independent Independent
10
COALITION RESOURCES FOCUS OF TECHNOLOGICAL
DEVELOPMENT
CASE STUDY Tangible Resources Non-tangible resources Focus of technological dev
SNP Financial technical Largely absent Artifact
NBP Financial, tech managerial Nascent attempts Artifact
SWSSP Technical communication Accumulated credibility Artifact design criteria
ASP Financial, tech communication Official Legitimacy Artifact service criteria
11
MECHNISMS OF INTERVENTION
Case Study SNP NBP SWSSP ASP
Niche Level Financial mgmt Technical profession Mobilization Mobilization
Regime Level (absent) (absent) Jurisdictional vacancy Accountability deficit
Landscape Level Modern- ization Modern-ization Anti-commodification Environmental sustainability
Alignment No No Yes Yes
Successful No No Yes Yes
12
Conclusion

• Purposive transitions are deliberately governed
  with external resources
• Success of partnerships contingent on ability to
  establish durable linkages with regimes and
  political landscapes
• Key facet to understand linkages is to fathom the
  mechanisms for intervening in contexts.