Man and Environment

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Man and Environment

• Asst. Dr. Nantana Gajaseni
• ltgnantana_at_chula.ac.thgt

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What is environment?

• Q. What is environment?
• A. It depends!
• Q. Depends on what?
• A. Depends on "Environment of whom?"

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• Q. How about environment of human?
• A.Wait and see!

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• Q. Who is "human"?
• A. Wait until the next section!
• Q. Is human a living object?
• A. ?

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The human animal
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• Q 1. What is living object?
• Q 2. What are differences between living and
  non-living objects?

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• A. From biological perspective
• Life biosystems organized by interactions
  between biological components interacting with
  physical environments, and become a unified whole
  with capacity to maintain homeostasis and
  self-perpetuation

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Sign of life

• 1. Highly complex organization all other
  characteristics of life emerge from an organisms
  complex organization

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• 2. Self-homeostasis Self-maintenance of a
  steady-state internal environment in the
  variations of external environment.

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• 3. Self-perpetuation
• Life comes only from life.

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• 4. Growth and development the increment of
  volume and changes in structure and functions to
  suit with new form of life

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Insert larva picture
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• 5. Interactions Life needs energy and matter
  utilization for maintenance of life

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• 6. Adaptation Life evolve as a result of the
  interaction between organisms and their
  environments

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• 7. Response Life adjusts itself to the
  environment.

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• From biological perspective, these are biological
  spectrum
• Biotic components

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Gene
??? biotic component
Cell
Organ
Organism
Populations
Communities
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Biotic components cannot survive in isolation.
They must interact with physical or a biotic
environments.
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Generalized diagram of inputs, throughputs, and
outputs in a system
System Throughputs (flows)
System Inputs
System Outputs
Information Energy Matter
Useless information Waste heat Waste matter
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Interaction between each biotic level with
physical environment through energy, matter, and
information produces characteristic functional
system. "Biosystem" or "life"
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Organizational hierarchy in nature can be seen
from "universe" down to "subatomic particles".
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Milky way
Universe
Galaxy
??? solar system
Solar system
Earth
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The natural world is organized, diverse, dynamic,
and yet complex.
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Q. How can life be seen in nature?
A. A hierarchy of organization of matter.
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Fig 3-6
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Then, there is hierarchy of biosystems.
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Q. What is the determinant of life?
A. Environment by evolutionary processes.
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Fig 20
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• Q. How did life emerge on the Earth?

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Fig 8-11 (21)
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Chemical evolution 1 billion years
Biological evolution 3.7 billion years
Transparency 78
Fig 6-5 summary of the evolution of the earth and
its life.
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Q. Is human a hierarchy of organization of matter?
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Q. What is the difference of interaction
between man and environment and interaction
between other organisms and environment?

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• A. Organisms adapt themselves to the
  environments.
• While
• Human modify environments to suit themselves
  .

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Human environment
2 groups
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• 1. Natural environment
• 4 spheres
• 1.1 Biosphere Space occupied by life
• 1.2 Atmosphere Space occupied by air
• 1.3 Lithosphere Space occupied by solid
• 1.4 Hydrosphere Space occupied by water

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How do the 4 spheres really exist?
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Atmosphere
Ecosphere
Biosphere
Hydrosphere
Lithosphere
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2. Man-made environment

• 2.1 Anthropogenic ecosystems
• 2.2 Physical structures

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• What are the Functions of Natural Environment?