Management and Application of Public Health insecticides in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

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Management and Application of Public Health
insecticides in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

• First Regional Meeting of GEF Supported
  countries in EMR
• Muscat, Oman, 6-8 March 2006
• By
• Suleiman M. Al Seghayer
• Assistant Director General for parasitic Diseases
  and Director of Malaria Department
• Ministry of Health (MOH)
• Saudi Arabia

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Control measures currently in use

• House spraying
• DDT -until 1986 Fenitrithion 40 WP 1987-1991
  Primiphos methyl 50EC 1992-1994
  lambdacyhalothrin (10 EC) 1995-2001
  Deltamethrin.25 2001 up to date
• Larviciding operations
• ( temephos 50, 1 granules Insect G. R.
  (pyriproxyfen 1 granules diflubenzuron 4 wp
  4 granules) - (BTI 1200IU/MG) larvivorous fish
  (Limited locations)

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Control measures currently in use

• Space spraying using pyrethroids (ULV and
  fogging)
• Distribution of ITNs in endemic areas -one
  million bed nets in five years
• Source reduction methods
• Health education
• Training

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Public Health insecticides Management

• Registration, legislation, and licensing
• All public health insecticides are registered,
  legislated and licensed through SASO.
• MOH is not responsible for legislation and
  licensing
• MOH selects quantities and types of public
  health insecticides (vector control)
• A certificate of analysis for any insecticide
  should be suppmitted by the supplier

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Application, disposal and quality control of
insecticides

• MOH through vector control department follows the
  WHO recommendations regarding application and
  disposal of insecticides
• The quality control of insecticides is monitored
  by the Saudi Arabia Standards Organization (SASO
  ).
• Each insecticide used for vector control must be
  recommended by the WHO
• Before using any recommended insecticide for
  vector control, must be tested and evaluated
• MOH is responsible for disposal of the expired
  public health insecticides, which have been used
  by its vector control units

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Formulation and re-packaging

• There are four factories manufacturing pesticides
  for public health and agriculture applications
• Each factory has its own formulation procedure
  according to the manufacturers specification
• MOH follows the WHO specifications regarding
  insecticides safety and efficacy
• There is no re-packaging in K.S. A.

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Storage, transport and distribution

• There are no specific legislation in place for
  storage of insecticides
• Annual needs of insecticides are procured through
  the tender committee of the MOH (central
  tendering process)
• 10 of the supplies of insecticides are stored in
  the MOH store for emergency needs
• The remaining 90 is distributed to vector
  control units in the Regions and Provinces

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Monitoring insecticide resistance

• Monitoring for insecticide resistance is done
  regularly as a part of the evaluation measures
• In 1982, strains of Anopheles arabiensis and A.
  sergenti were subjected to tests and found
  susceptible to DDT
• In 1987 , resistant to DDT was reported leading
  to suspension of DDT
• During 2003 2005 susceptibility tests carried
  out on adult Culex and larvae gave the following
  results

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contMonitoring insecticide resistance

• -For larvae
• High level resistance towards temephos was
  reported recently for Culex (Culex
  tritaeniorhynchus) in Jazan Region
• A. molticolor was found susceptible to temephos
• A. arabiensis was not tested due to scarcity
  (small numbers collected)
• With WHO support this activity is being
  strengthened (provision of test supplies and
  technical support)

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Public health insecticides used in Saudi Arabia
1997-2002 (A)
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Public health insecticides used in Saudi Arabia
2003-2005 (B)
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Public health insecticides used in Saudi Arabia
1996-2002 (B)
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Monitoring of insecticides poisoning

• Cholinesterase tests are carried out regularly
  for both workers and inhabitants/residents and no
  cases of poisoning reported

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The challenges facing pesticides management in
S.A.

• Several units use pesticides (Agriculture,
  Municipalities, MOH, private sectors etc.) and
  there is no specific body for monitoring
  insecticides resistance
• Some units using pesticides dont have enough
  facilities to monitor the use of insecticides
• The responsibility of pesticides management is
  distributed among ministries and governmental
  organizations with no coordination

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Prospective malaria and other vector borne
diseases control

• Ensure standardized insecticide policy in the
  Kingdom
• Develop insecticide resistance monitoring
  (sentinel sites) strategies with the support of
  WHO and concerned organization
• Strengthening of the early warning system for
  vector-borne diseases prediction
• Strengthening border cooperation with the
  Republic of Yemen
• Main target is elimination of malaria from Saudi
  Arabia and Arabian peninsula

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Thank You