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Lithospheric Movements

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Lithospheric Movements. Tectonic Plates. The pieces that the lithosphere is divided into. ... Where most geologic activity takes place. They may separate, ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Lithospheric Movements


1
Lithospheric Movements
2
Tectonic Plates
  • The pieces that the lithosphere is divided into.
  • Drift on the asthenoshpere like chunks of ice on
    a pond.

3
Pangea
  • Alfred Wegener
  • 1915
  • Theory of continental drift

4
(No Transcript)
5
Major Tectonic Plates
  • Pacific
  • North American
  • South American
  • African
  • Eurasian
  • Antarctic
  • Indian
  • Cocos
  • Nazca
  • Australian
  • SEE TEXT, PAGE 62. BE ABLE TO LABEL THEM ON
    MAP!!!!!!!

6
Plate Boundaries
  • Where most geologic activity takes place.
  • They may separate, collide, or slip past one
    another
  • Forms mountains
  • earthquakes
  • volcanoes

7
Himalayan Mountains
  • Began to form when the tectonic plates containing
    Asia collided with the plate containing India 50
    million years ago.

8
Earthquakes
  • Fault break in the Earths crust along which
    blocks of the crust slide against each other.
  • When rocks suddenly break along a fault,
    vibrations are set off an earthquake occurs.
  • Can be so small we dont feel them or enormous
    and cause wide spread damage.

9
Magnitude
  • The measure of energy released by an earthquake.
  • Smallest able to feel is 2.0, largest ever
    recorded is 9.5.

10
Where do they occur?
  • Near tectonic plate boundaries
  • San Andreas Fault line where parts of the North
    American Plate and Pacific Plate slip against
    each other.

11
Hazards
  • Cannot predict them
  • Can predict where they are likely to occur.

12
Volcanoes
  • Mountain built from magma, or melted rock, that
    rises from the Earths interior to the surface.
  • Located near tectonic plates are colliding or
    separating.
  • Occur in land or sea if they break the surface
    of the sea, islands form.

13
Local Effects
  • Clouds of hot ash, dust and gases can flow at
    speed of 200 km/hr and sear everything in path.
  • Mudflow ash mixed with water.

14
Tsunamis
  • Caused by rippling effect of underwater
    earthquakes, volcano eruptions, and landslides.
  • Most occur around the pacific rim.

15
Global Effects
  • Change climate for several years.
  • Reduce the amount of sunlight, leading to a drop
    in global temperature.

16
Erosion
  • The removal and transport of surface materials.
  • Wears down rocks and makes them smoother.

17
Water Erosion
  • Erosion by rivers and oceans.
  • Erodes coastline
  • Cause deep gorges.

18
Wind Erosion
  • Plants hold soil in place in areas without
    plants, wind blows soil away quickly.
  • Soft rocks erode faster
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