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Female sex hormones: Progesterone

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secretray changes (with oestrogen) If ovum is fertilized. prepare ... cervical secretion thick and viscid. Vagina: WBC infiltration & cornified epithelium ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Female sex hormones: Progesterone


1
Female sex hormonesProgesterone
By C.Adithan
2
Female sex hormones
  • Oestrogens
  • Synthesis secretion
  • Regulation
  • Pharmacological actions
  • Pharmacokinetics
  • Preparations
  • Therapeutic uses
  • Adverse effects
  • Anti-Oestrogens
  • Clomiphene citrate
  • Cyclofenil
  • Tamoxifen citrate
  • Raloxifene
  • Ormeloxifene
  • Progestrogens
  • Synthesis secretion
  • Regulation
  • Pharmacological actions
  • Pharmacokinetics
  • Preparations
  • Therapeutic uses
  • Adverse effects
  • Anti-progestrogens
  • Mifepristone

3
Cholesterol
Oestriol
17-a- Hydroxy pregnenolone
Dehydro-epi androsterone
Pregnenolone
Andro-stenedione
Progesterone
17- Hydroxy progesterone
Oestrone
OESTRADIOL
TESTOSTERONE
4
Oestrogen
Progesterone
LH
FSH
5
http//anatomy.iupui.edu/courses/histo_D502/D502f0
4/lecture.f04/Female04/cycle.jpg
6
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7
Progestrogen Actions
8
Clinical uses of Progesterones
  • as OCS
  • DUB
  • HRT
  • dysmenorrhea
  • premenstrual syndrome
  • endometriosis
  • threatened abortion
  • post-partum
  • lactation
  • endometrial cancer
  • hypoventilation

9
Adverse effects of Progesterone
  • breast engorgement, headache, rise in body
    temp.,
  • oedema, acne mood swings
  • masculinization of external genitalia in the
    foetus
  • Increased incidences of congenital abnormalities
  • irregular bleeding or amenorrhea
  • lower HDL (19-nortestosterone derivatives)
  • hyperglycaemia

10
Pharmacokinetics
  • Absorption
  • progesterone undergoes high first pass
    metabolism. Therefore synthetic preparations are
    more commonly used.
  • Progesterone esters in oily soln. for i.m. admn.
  • Metabolism
  • by liver enzymes
  • excretion by urine after conjugation

11
Antiprogestin
Mifepristone
12
Mifepristone
  • 19-nor-steroid derivative
  • Mechanism
  • Blocks progest.
  • glucocorticoid receptors
  • During luteal phase
  • Pregest. PGs
  • Menstrual bleeding
  • Sensitize myocardium to PGs.
  • HCG production falls
  • ADME
  • F 25 , CYP3A4 metabolism t½ 20 h
  • Uses
  • Termination of early pregnancy along with
    prostaglandin
  • As a cervical ripening agent
  • Post-coital contraceptive
  • Once a month contraceptive
  • Progesterone sensitive tumors
  • Cushings syndrome
  • Side effects
  • Vomiting, diarrhoea, pelvic pain or
    abdominal pain, about 5 have severe vaginal
    bleeding

Precaution Not to be given to a woman with
suspected ectopic pregnancy, hematological
disorders, receiving oral anticoagulants, Liver/re
nal diseases
13
Next Class is on Oral Contraceptive Steroids
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