saqarTvelos saxelmwifo politika eleqtroenergetikaSi: mokle winaistoria da mimdinare procesebi

1
saqarTvelos saxelmwifo politika
eleqtroenergetikaSi mokle winaistoria da
mimdinare procesebi

• Lliana jervaliZe, energetikis eqsperti
• saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTvelo
  prezentacia III
• sastumro Tori, Tbilisi, 25 ianvari, 2008 weli

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Sinaarsi

• saqarTvelos energetika 1993-2000 wlebSi
• saqarTvelos energetikuli obieqtebis privatizacia
  
• ei-es-Telasidan rao-Telasamde
• energoprivatizacia
• privatizaciis gakveTilebi
• daskvna

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saqarTvelos energetika 1993-2000 wlebSi

• saqarTvelo geopolitikuri interesebis konfliqtis
  epicentrSi
• Sidapolitikuri destabilizacia
• sabotaJi da teroristuli aqtebi energoobieqtebze
• saqarTvelos importirebul eleqtroenergiaze
  damokidebulebis gazrda
• eleqtroenergiis, mazuTisa da gazis importiT
  ganpirobebuli uaryofiTi tendencia energo mafia

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saqarTvelo geopolitikuri interesebis konfliqtis
epicentrSi

• aSS-sa da evrokavSiris daintereseba
  kaspiispireTis navTobisa da gazis eqsportis
  alternatiul marSrutSi saqarTvelos gavliT
• ruseTis daintereba ar daeSva kaspiispireTis
  navTobisa da gazis alternatiuli marSrutis
  ganviTareba

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saqarTvelo geopolitikuri interesebis konfliqtis
epicentrSi
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I winaswari SeTanxmeba saqarTvelosa da TurqeTis
gavliT azerbaijanisa da yazaxeTis navTobis
eqsportis Sesaxeb (marti, 1993 w.)

• afxazeTis konfliqtis eskalacia soxumis dacema
  (29/09/1993)
• teroristuli aqti engurhesze (1993 wlis noemberi)
• afTqeba gardabnis IX da X blokebze (1994 wlis
  dekemberi)

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1993 wels saqarTvelos energetikuli obieqtebis
mimarT ganxorcielebuli teroristuli aqtebis
Sedegebi

• gaizarda qveynis damokidebuleba importirebul
  eleqtroenergiaze, mazuTze da gazze
  (eleqtroenergiis sawarmoeblad)
• moiSala qveynis ekonomika
• gaRatakda qveynis mosaxleoba, daeca msyidvelobiTi
  unari
• energomatareblebis importze aRmocenda mafia,
  romelic ar iyo dainteresebuli gaRatakebuli
  mosaxleobisaTvis eleqtroenergiis miwodebiT.
  importirebuli eleqtroenergia, iseve rogorc
  importirebul mazuTsa da gazze warmoebuli
  eleqtroenergia, mezobel qveynebSi iyideboda

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saqarTvelos energetikuli obieqtebis privatizacia
1998-2003 ei-es-Telasidan rao-Telasamde

• 1998 wels amerikulma transnacionalurma
  energokompaniam ATelasis aqciaTa 75 22,5 milion
  dolarad iyida
• 1999 wels 16,5 milion aSS dolarad iyida
  gardabnis IX da X blokebi, romelTa reabilitacia
  dasrulebuli iyo germanuli ganviTarebis bankis
  kreditiT
• 1999 wels moipova xramis eleqtrosadgurebis
  marTvis ufleba 25 wlis vadiT
• 2001 wels moipova eleqtroenergiis Sesyidvis,
  tranzitisa da reeqsportis ufleba

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ei-es-Telasis saqmianoba

• 2002 wels daasrula 400 000 abonentis
  gamricxvelianeba
• 2002 wels moxmarebuli eleqtroenergiis amoRebis
  maCvenebelma 86 Seadgina (danakargebis
  gamoklebiT)
• 2002 wels kompaniis valebi saTavo ofisis mimarT
  800 milioni lari Seadgenda

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EEei-es-Telasis valebis struqtura
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azerbaijanis saerTaSoriso konsorciumis saboloo
gadawyvetileba navTobis saqarTvelosa da TurqeTis
gavliT jeihanSi transportirebis Sesaxeb (agvisto,
2001 w.)

• 2001 wlis dekemberi - afeTqeba gardabnis IX da X
  blokebze. Sedegad X bloki mTliand ganadgurda
• 2002 wlis noemberi - afeTqeba enguris agregatze
• energetikuli krizisis axali faza

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ei-es-Telasis problemebi 2001 wlis Semdeg

• kaliforniis krizisi aSS energetikuli gigantis
  enronis gakotreba problemebi argentinasa da
  venesuelaSi
• politikuri zewola saqarTveloSi
• 2003 wlis finansuri angariSis mixedviT ei-es-ma
  Telasis 400 mln. aSS dolaris davalianebidan 210
  mln. Camowera rogorc uimedo davalianeba
• am dros kompnias EBRD-isa da IFC-is davalianeba
  ukve gadaxdili hqonda
• 2003 wlis seqtemberSi Telasi rusuli saxelmwifo
  kompania raos qvekompania rao nordikma 23 milion
  aSS dolarad iyida
• rao Telasma tarifSi ei-es-Telasis wili
  SeinarCuna, miuxedavad eqspertTa mtkicebisa, rom
  ei-es-s Telasis davalianeba Cemowerili hqonda
  rogorc uimedo vali, ris Semdegac kompania raos
  mihyida

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aes-Telasis gayidvis procesi 1AES Corporation
Annual Report 2003, Page 52
14
Telasis gayidvis procesi 2AES Corporation Annual
Report 2003, Page 105

• In July 2003, AES reached an agreement to sell
  100 of its ownership interest in AES Mtkvari,
  AES Khrami and AES Telasi for gross proceeds of
  23 million. At June 30, 2003 these businesses
  were classified as held for sale and the Company
  recorded a pre-tax impairment charge of 204
  million during the second quarter of 2003 to
  reduce the carrying value of the assets to their
  estimated fair value in accordance with SFAS No.
  144. This transaction was completed in August
  2003 and resulted in a total write-off of
  approximately 210 million. AES Mtkvari and AES
  Khrami were previously reported in the contract
  generation segment and AES Telasi was previously
  reported in the growth distribution segment.

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kiTxvebi AES Silk Road da RAO Nordic-s Soris
dadebul garigebasTan dakavSirebiT

• ratom gayida AES Silk Road ma Telasi dabal
  fasad?
• Tu kompaniam 210 milioni aSS dolaris davalianeba
  Camowera (rogorc uimedo vali), ratom SeinarCuna
  RAO Telas-ma AES-Telasis wili tarifSi?

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saqarTvelos xelisuflebasa da rao-s Soris
gaformebuli memorandumi

• kompania iRebs valdebulebas, ar moiTxovos 2006
  wels dadgenili tarifis gazrda 2015 wlamde, Tu
• inflaciis maCvenebeli ar miaRwevs orniSna cifrs
• ar gaizrdeba gazis tarifi
• kompania iRebs valdebulebas, 2015 wlamde
• moaxdinos 56,3 milioni aSS dolaris investireba
  energoaqtivebSi
• ar moiTxovos kompaqturad Casaxlebuli ltolvilebis
  mier 2007 wlis 1 martamde dagrovili davalianebis
  dafarva

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privatizcia axali xelisuflebis dros
gaerTianebuli sadistribucio kompaniis, aWaris
energokompaniis da eqvsi hesis gayidva

• varianiti I kaxa benduqiZis SeTavazeba - gayidva
  or lotad
• (1) dasavleTis generacia da dasavleTis
  distribucia (enguris garda)
• (2) aRmosavleTis genaracia da distribucia
  (saxelmwifo sakuTrebaSi darCenili)
• es varianti gamoricxavda liberalur bazars,
  vinaidan arc mwarmoebels da arc momxmarebels ar
  eZleodaT momxmareblis da momwodeblis Tavisufali
  arCevis ufleba

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privatizacia axali xelisuflebis dros
gaerTieanebuli sadistribucio kompaniis, aWaris
energokompaniis da eqvsi hesis gayidva

• CaSlili auqcionebi
• I auqcioni mxolod kompaniam bagebi 2004
  gamoTqva survili, monawileoba mieRo auqcionSi. es
  kompania asocirdeboda erT-erT umaRles
  Tanamdebobis pirTan. es informacia gaxmaurda da
  savaraudod, auqcioni amis gamo CaiSala
• II auqcioni aqtivebi Sefasda 350 milion aSS
  dolarad. amxela Tanxis gadaxdis msurveli ar
  gamoCnda da auqcioni CaiSala

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privatizcia axali xelisuflebis drosPgaerTieanebul
i sadistribucio kompaniis, aWaris energokompaniis
da eqvsi hesis gayidva

• 2007 wlis 5 Tebervals es aqtivebi 132 milion aSS
  dolarad Cexurma komapnia energo-prom SeiZina
• dasavleTis hesebi (362 megavati) 73,5 milioni
  aSS dolari
• gaerTianebuli sadistribucio kompania 32 milioni
  aSS dolari
• aWaris energokomapnia 14,5 milioni aSS dolari

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energo-pros qarTul bazarze Semosvlamde mTavrobis
mier miRebuli zomebi

• aWaris enrgokompaniis, gaerTianebuli
  sadisitribucio kompaniis da eqvsi generaciis
  obieqtis valebisgan gaTavisufleba
• gaizarda zRvruli tarifi da SemoRebuli iqna
  safexuriani tarifi
• tarifis zrda (investoris Semosvlamde) mTavrobam
  daasabuTa
• rusul gazze fasis momatebiT
• surviliT, safuZveli gamoecala investoris mimarT
  mosaxleobis arakeTilganwyobisaTvis

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energo-pros qarTul bazarze Semosvlis kontraqtiT
gansazRvruli pirobebi

• kontraqtis mixedviT, energo-pros aqvs aqtivebis
  Sesyidvis Tavisufali reJimis ufleba
• 2007 wlis 29 ivnisisaTvis, rodesac kompaniam
  miiRo aqtivebis flobis ufleba, mas gadaxdili
  hqonda mxolod aWaris energokompaniisa da
  gaerTianebuli sadistribucio kompaniis aqtivebis
  safasuri 14,5 milioni da 32 milioni aSS dolari
• generaciis obieqtebis aqtivebis Rirebuleba (73
  milioni aSS dolari) dResac ar aris dafaruli

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energo-pros qarTul bazarze Semosvlis kontraqtiT
gansazRvruli pirobebi

• winamdebare xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswinebul
  sadistribucio sivrceSi iqneba mxolod erTi
  eqskluziuri ganawilebis licenzia, sxva licenziebi
  ar gaicema. es punqti (Tavi 7 qvepuntqti i)
  gamoricxavs liberaluri bazris Camoyalibebis
  survilis arsebobas. mflobels aSkarad ar surs,
  konkurenti ixilos Tavisi saqminobis arealSi
• myidvels eqneba SeuzRudavi gzis ufleba Tavis
  biznesTan mimarTebaSi. es niSnavs, rom Tu mas
  aqtivebamde misasvlelad mudmivad esaWiroeba
  saxelmwifo an kerZo mflobelobaSi myofi teritoriis
  gamoyeneba, igi gaTavisulebulia am teritoriis
  mflobelisTvis kompensaciis an ijaris gadaxdisgan
  (Tavi 7, qvepunqti ii)

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energo-pros qarTul bazarze Semosvlis kontraqtiT
gansazRvruli pirobebi

• maregulireblis mier miRebuli iqneba komunaluri
  aRricxvis wesebi, romlis moqmedebis vada
  gansazRvruli iqneba sul mcire aTi wliT, rogorc es
  mocemulia winamdebare xelSekrulebis danarTSi 15
  Tavi 5, punqti f
• umokles vadaSi, winaswari eqvsTviani periodis
  gasvlidan araugvianes sami Tvisa, damoukidebeli
  maregulirebeli valdebulia, miiRos dadgenileba
  tarifebis indeqsaciis Sesaxeb (Tavi 7, punqti
  n). es imas niSnavs, rom inflaciis paralelurad
  unda moxdes tarifebis indeqsacia, rac tarifis
  zrdis mauwyebelia. energo-pro jorjiam ukve
  gaakeTa winaswari ganacxadi tarifis indeqsaciis
  moTxovnis Sesaxeb

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Ddaskvna gamWvirvaloba

• Energo-prosTan warmoebuli molaparakebebis procesi
  da damdgari Sedegi ar miuTiTebs imaze, rom axali
  xelisuflebis pirobebSi saTanado yuradReba eqceva
  privatizaciis gamWvirvalobas

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Ddaskvna liberaluri bazris Camoyalibebis survili
da neba

• ganxiluli xelSekrulebebi ar warmoadgenen
  liberaluri bazris mimarTulebiT gadadgmul nabijs.
  piriqiT, energo-pro xelSekrulebiT iTxovs, rom ar
  iqnas daSvebuli sxva miwodebis an distribuciis
  licenzianti misi saqmianobis arealSi

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Ddaskvna deregulireba

• Energo-pro jorjiasTan dadebuli xelSekruleba
  zRudavs deregulirebas. rogorc eleqtroenergiiis
  Sesyidvis, ise gadacemisa da dispeCerizaciis
  tarifebi winaswar damoukidebeli maregulireblis
  mier unda iyos daregulirebuli da Seesabamebodes
  xelSekrulebiT gaweril tarifebs

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saboloo daskvna

• am kvelvis farglebSi mopovebuli masalebidan
  gamomdinare SeiZleba gakeTdes daskvna, rom
  parlamentis mier miRebul dokumentSi saqarTvelos
  energetikuli seqtoris ganviTarebis ZiriTadi
  mimarTulebebi gacxadebuli prioritetebi
  gamWvirvaloba, liberaluri energetikuli bazris
  mimarTulebiT moZraoba da deregulireba saxelmwifo
  eleqtroenergetikul politikaSi jer ar aisaxeba. am
  mimarTulebiT jer kidev bevri aris gasakeTebeli

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• m a d l o b a
• Y y u r a d R e b i s a T v i s