ADSC Safety Committee

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Creating An Effective Job Safety Analysis (JSA)
ADSC Safety Committee
 Pacific Center I 14180 Dallas Parkway Suite
510 Dallas, Texas 75254
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Goals

• Given the information and exercises in this
  workshop, you will be able to
• Explain why JSAs are important
• Recognize how the JSA can be a valuable planning,
  production, profit and safety tool.
• Know the four step process and complete a JSA
• Use the completed JSA on a daily basis to improve
  your projects operation

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What Is Our Focus?

• Drilled Shaft Installation
• Anchor Micropile Installation
• Grout Mixing Pumping

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JSA Key Terms

• Whats a Job?
• Whats a Hazard?
• Whats an Exposure?
• What is Analysis?

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What is a Job?

• Any activity (mental, physical or both) that
  has been assigned to an employee as a
  responsibility and carries with it both positive
  and/or negative consequences based on the
  performance of that activity.

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What is a Hazard?

• An unsafe condition or practice that could cause
  injury, illness, or property damage and is
  preventable.

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What is an Exposure?

• When an employee enters a danger zone by
  virtue of their proximity to the hazard.

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What is Analysis?

• The breaking down of a job into its component
  steps and then evaluating of each step, looking
  for hazards. Each hazard is then corrected or a
  method of worker protection is identified and
  made a standard of operation.

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What is a JSA?

• Job Safety Analysis is a Pro-Active tool used to
  prevent unwanted events
• It is a process used to determine hazards
  associated with an activity . . .
• And then create basic procedures to prevent the
  unwanted events

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JSA Purpose

• Effective JSAs help the employer recognize and
  control hazards and exposures in the workplace.

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4 Steps of a JSA

• Identify the job to be analyzed
• Separate the job into its basic steps
• Identify the hazards associated with each step
• Create a control of each hazard

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Format

• Some type of form or checklist or perhaps a
  combination of the two
• Prompts the writer of the JSA
• Keep it simple, but realistic (i.e. Be safe or
  Be Careful is not enough)

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1. Identify The Job To Be Analyzed

• Install Drilled Shafts, Micropiles or Anchors,
  Grout Mixing Pumping

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2. Separate The Job Into Its Basic Steps

• Mobilize Drill Rig To Site
• Assemble Drill Rig
• Drill Shaft
• Insert Casing
• Add Slurry?
• Install Rebar Cage
• Pour Concrete (Free Fall Or Tremie?)

• Set up Batch Plant or Mixer Pump
• Make Bench for Tieback Rig
• Drill Anchor or Tieback
• Mix Pump Grout
• Install Anchor Head, Wedge Plates or Waler

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3. Identify The Hazards Associated With Each Step

• INJURY OR DEATH TO EMPLOYEES
• DAMAGE TO EQUIPMENT
• DAMAGE OR INJURY TO THE PUBLIC

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Types of Hazards

• Ergonomic
• High Duration
• High Force
• Posture
• High Frequency
• Point of Operation
• Mechanical Pressure
• Vibration
• Environmental Exposure

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Types of Hazards

• Physical
• Pressure
• Increased pressure in hydraulic and pneumatic
  systems
• Mechanical
• Pinch points, sharp points and edges, weight,
  rotating parts, stability, ejected parts and
  materials, impact
• Flammability/Fire
• In order for combustion to take place, the fuel
  and oxidizer must be present in gaseous form

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Hoisting Reinforcing Steel Cage

• Hoisting of rebar cages may require engineered
  lift points and specialized rigging for safe
  handling
• Multiple crane lifts are not uncommon
• Planning and training is key to a safe lift

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Types of Hazards

• Physical / Chemical
• Explosive
• Explosions result in large amounts of gas, heat,
  noise, light and over-pressure.
• Electrical Contact
• Inadequate insulation, broken electrical lines
  or equipment, no GFCI, lightning strike, static
  discharge etc.
• Chemical Reactions
• Chemical reactions can be violent, can cause
  explosions, dispersion of materials and emission
  of heat.

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Underground Hazards
Call Before You Dig! Physically locate utility
prior to drilling Have emergency plan in
place 1-800-321-OSHA (OSHA Consultation Services)
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Overhead Hazards
As with a crane, a minimum distance of 10 feet
must be maintained at all times between the drill
rig and energized overhead power lines Lines must
be de-energized, moved or otherwise rendered
harmless before any work activity closer than 10
feet can begin.
lt 50 kV 10 feet Clearance 200 kV 15
feet Clearance 350 kV 20 feet Clearance 500
kV 25 feet Clearance 650 kV 30
feet Clearance 800 kV 35 feet Clearance
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Accident Types

• Struck-by
• A person is forcefully struck by an object. The
  force of contact is provided by the object.
• Struck-against
• A person forcefully strikes an object. The
  person provides the force or energy.
• Contact-by
• Contact by a substance or material that, by its
  very nature, is harmful and causes injury.

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Accident Types

• Contact-with
• A person comes in contact with a harmful
  substance or material. The person initiates the
  contact.
• Caught-on
• A person or part of his/her clothing or
  equipment is caught on an object that is either
  moving or stationary. This may cause the person
  to lose his/her balance and fall, be pulled into
  a machine, or suffer some other harm.
• Caught-in
• A person or part of him/her is trapped, or
  otherwise caught in an opening or enclosure.

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Barricading of the equipment to protect untrained
employees from entering the drilled shaft
installation workspace
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Down Hole Entry
Different type of personnel hoist or ladder for
access and egress of the drilled shaft
Inside a correctly cased shaft
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Accident Types

• Caught-between
• A person is crushed, pinched or otherwise caught
  between a moving and a stationary object, or
  between two moving objects.
• Fall-to-surface
• A person slips or trips and falls to the surface
  he/she is standing or walking on.
• Fall-to-below
• A person slips or trips and falls to a level
  below the one he/she was walking or standing on.

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Crushing / Caught-Between
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Caught Between
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Potential Fall Hazards
Shafts 30 inches or greater in diameter and 6
feet or greater in depth require some form of
fall protection at the surface of the shaft
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Accident Types

• Over-exertion
• A person over-extends or strains himself/herself
  while performing work.
• Bodily reaction
• Caused solely from stress imposed by free
  movement of the body or assumption of a strained
  or unnatural body position. A leading source of
  injury.
• Over-exposure
• Over a period of time, a person is exposed to
  harmful energy (noise, heat), lack of energy
  (cold), or substances (toxic chemicals/atmospheres
  ).

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Over-Exposure?
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Drilled Shafts
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Limited Access Public Protection
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Multiple Activities
Drilling Shafts Driving Casing Extracting
Casing Concrete Pumping
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Auxiliary Equipment
Vibratory hammer used to insert casing prior to
drilling the shaft
Drilled shafts often require the use of auxiliary
equipment to assist in the shafts completion
Installing concrete via a tremie pipe and
concrete pump
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Anchors and Micropiles
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Grout Mixing Pumping
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4. Create A Control Of Each Hazard

• The Hierarchy of Controls
• Engineering controls
• Management controls
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

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Engineering Controls

• Consist of substitution, isolation, ventilation,
  and equipment modification.
• These controls focus on the source of the hazard,
  unlike other types of controls that generally
  focus on the employee exposed to the hazard.
• The basic concept behind engineering controls is
  that, to the extent feasible, the work
  environment and the job itself should be designed
  to eliminate hazards or reduce exposure to
  hazards

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Management Controls

• Management controls may result in a reduction of
  exposure through such methods as changing work
  habits, improving sanitation and hygiene
  practices, or making other changes in the way the
  employee performs the job.

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Equipment Inspections
An ounce of prevention . . .
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Personal Protective Equipment

• When exposure to hazards cannot be engineered
  completely out of normal operations or
  maintenance work, and when safe work practices
  and administrative controls cannot provide
  sufficient additional protection from exposure,
  personal protective clothing and/or equipment may
  be required.

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Personal Protective Equipment

• Hard Hats
• Safety Glasses
• Reflective Vests
• Full Body Harness Lanyard
• Handrail System
• Gloves

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JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS WORKSHEET Project Name
Drillers Retirement Home Date 02-03-07 Project
Description Drilled Shafts
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Now What?

• Once the JSA is complete, what do you do with it?

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JSA

• The JSA is a tool to increase job quality,
  productivity and safety.
• To be effective it should be completed near the
  end of the current day, and presented before the
  start of work the next day.

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Who Should Attend?

• All employees should attend the JSA meeting prior
  to the start of each shift.
• Include your subcontractor, or have them perform
  their own.
• The Supervisor should present the JSA information
  initially.
• As time passes on the project, the JSA may be
  presented by the Forman (Supervisor in
  attendance) or perhaps a key person in the crew.

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What Are The Benefits?

• If all employees attend, then they all have an
  opportunity to make the project a better place to
  work.
• A JSA gives your employees awareness, direction,
  and allows involvement as to the activities and
  hazards that will be faced that day.
• You will have a safer, more productive job with
  better quality control!

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Any Questions
?