Basic Sentence Punctuation

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Basic Sentence Punctuation
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Types of Sentences

• Simple one independent clause
• Compound two or more independent clauses
• Complex one independent clause and one or more
  dependent clauses
• Compound-complex two or more independent clauses
  and one or more dependent clauses

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Types of Clauses

• A clause contains a subject and a predicate
  (verbother elements)
• Independent clause a complete thought
• Jack and Jill went up the hill.
• Jack fell down and broke his crown.
• Dependent clause an unfinished thought
• Subordinate conjunction When Jack fell down
• Relative pronoun that Jack went up

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Simple Sentenceone independent clause

• Declarative sentence
• Jack and Jill went up the hill.
• Jack fell down and broke his crown.
• Interrogative sentence
• Who went up the hill?
• Exclamatory sentence
• Jill came tumbling after!

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Compound sentences two or more independent
clauses

• Connected with a co-ordinate conjunction and,
  or, nor, but, yet, so, for
• Jack fell down and Jill came tumbling after.
• No co-ordinate conjunction
• Jack fell down Jill came tumbling after.

,

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Complex sentence one independent clause and one
or more dependent clauses

• Independent followed by dependent
• Jack broke his crown when he fell down.
• Dependent followed by independent
• When Jack fell down he broke his crown.
• Dependent inserted into independent
• Jack who fell down the hill broke his crown.

,
,
,
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Compound-complex sentence two or more
independent clauses and one or more dependent
clauses
,

• When Jack fell down he broke his crown and Jill
  came tumbling after.

,
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Compound SentencePunctuation Errors

• Run-on (ro) sentence independent clauses
  connected with a coordinate conjunction but no
  comma
• Jack fell down and Jill came tumbling after.
• Fused (fused) sentence independent clauses
  bumping into each other
• Jack fell down Jill came tumbling after.
• Comma splice (cs) use of a comma where a
  semi-colon is needed
• Jack fell down, Jill came tumbling after.

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Simple Rules

• Independent, and independent.
• Independent independent.
• Dependent, independent.
• Independent dependent.