Analysis of policy and stakeholder needs from the research community

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Analysis of policy and stakeholder needs from the
research community
Dick van den Hout
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Topics to be discussed

• How to structure/categorise the needs?
• Who are the relevant stakeholders?
• How to review the needs?
• How to identify indirect needs?
• How to prioritise needs?

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Basic stakeholder needs from research

• What is the problem?
• 2. How to solve the problem?
• 3. Please explain!

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Basic stakeholder needs from research

• What is the problem?
• What are the health risks of ambient air
  pollution in the EU?
• 2. How to solve the problem? What are good
  measures to reduce such health risks?
• 3. Please explain!
• How to communicate the answers to the
  stakeholders?

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1. What is the problem? What are the health risks
of ambient air pollution in the EU?

• Answer from science
• Linking concentrations, exposures, effect
  (epidemiology, toxicology, exposure, biomarkers)
  might suffice for this question
• Not evident that we need the full causal chain
  DPSEEA here

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2 How to solve it? What are good measures to
reduce such health risks?

• Answer from science requires
• DPSEEA chain
• Drivers (economy, technology, )
• Pressures (emissions)
• State of environment (concentrations)
• Exposures (external)
• Effects (well-being, medication use, morbidity,
  mortality)
• Actions (at any point in the chain policies,
  taxes, standards, treatments, )

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3. Please explain! How to communicate the answers
to the stakeholders?

• Indicators
• Articulation of questions and answers
• Science writers
• Platform of stakeholders and science

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Who are the stakeholders?
Policy frameworks ltgt stakeholders
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Who are the stakeholders?
Policy frameworks ltgt stakeholders
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Direct needs and implied needs

• End-users have end-needs.
• Example of end-need (direct need) good
  overview of air quality in Europe ? implied needs
  of good monitors, models, assessment strategy,
  QA/QC, harmonisation throughout Europe,
  integration, presentation
• It is not task of end-users to derive implied
  needs from direct needs this is the task of
  science (though some end-users want to help)

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Direct and implied needs
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Chains of information
Policy Policy preparation Assessment
Basic Research
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Review of research needs by stakeholders (1/2)
documents

• Stakeholder papers on research needs
• DG Env CAFE research paper, EHAP research
  report, TSUE, CAFE questions to WHO, DG Sanco ?
• Member States ?
• Cities TSUE(?), Integaire research
  recommendations
• Industry (Concawe workshop report)
• NGOs nothing
• Public/media
• Previous reviews of stakeholder needs
• Airnet Concawe workshop previous EU research
  projects,

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Review of research needs by stakeholders(2/2)
interaction with stakeholders

• Structured in-depth interviews with stakeholder
  representatives
• Email questionnaire to a wider group
• Meetings with the Advisory Group
• Forum workshop
• Comments round(s) for contact persons and
  Advisory Group

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AIRNET (2003) 9 questions to stakeholders

• Q1,2 Which stakeholder are you representing?
• Q3 What are your organisations specific issues,
  questions, concerns and needs regarding air
  pollution and health?
• Q4,5 Where do you get your scientific
  information from?
• Q6 How can scientific information be better
  presented for your needs?
• Q7-9 How to improve AIRNET?

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Standard categorisation for CAIR4Health (1/2)

• DPSEEA chain
• D Drivers (economy, technology, )
• P Pressures (emissions)
• S State of environment (concentrations)
• E1 Exposures (external)
• E2 Effects (well-being, medication use,
  morbidity, mortality)
• A Actions (at any point in the chain policies,
  taxes, standards, treatments, )
• Chain integration
• CAFEs research paper
• Changes in society and structural shift ltgt D
• Emission sources, atm. chem. and dispersion ltgtP,
  S
• Effects ltgt E1, E2
• Assessment tools, policy instruments, abatement
  strategies, technologies ltgt Chain integration

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Standard categorisation for CAIR4Health (2/2)
Apply this per pollutant group?
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Standard categorisation for CAIR4Health (2/3)
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Very preliminary Stakeholder needs (1/2)

• Health effectsLong term epi studies improved
  epi studies epi studies for particular sources
  and particular pollutants
• Mode of actionSusceptible groups mechanisms of
  action particular sources particular
  pollutants thresholds
• ExposuresBetter insight
• LevelsVarious aspects, including harmonisation
  of assessment
• Fate of pollutantsVarious aspects to be
  improved, no central theme

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Very preliminary Stakeholder needs (2/2)

• EmissionsBetter data (future changes
  hemispheric various specific source categories
  various pollutant incl PM)
• IntegrationScenarios cost-benefit improved
  integrated assessment (IA) integration with
  other env. themes integrating spatial scales IA
  for particular sources or pollutants IA tools
• MeasuresBetter insight in effectiveness
• Science/policy interfaceImprove indicators

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Important questions

• How to deal with implied needs?
• How to (systematically) prioritise the
  stakeholder needs?
• Prevalence of recommendations
• Judge from priorities in papers and interviews
• Iterative procedure in communication with
  stakeholders