Module 1: Allocating IP Addressing by Using Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Module 1: Allocating IP Addressing by Using Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

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The objective of this presentation is to provide a high ... Decodes the packets. Compiles network statistics. 2. 4. 3. 1. Practice: Configuring a DHCP Scope ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Module 1: Allocating IP Addressing by Using Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol


1
Module 1 Allocating IP Addressing by Using
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
2
Overview
  • Multimedia The Role of DHCP in the Network
    Infrastructure
  • Adding and Authorizing the DHCP Server Service
  • Configuring a DHCP Scope
  • Configuring DHCP Reservations and Options
  • Configuring a DHCP Relay Agent

3
Multimedia The Role of DHCP in the Network
Infrastructure
  • The objective of this presentation is to provide
    a high-level overview of DHCP in the network
    infrastructure
  • At the end of this presentation, you will be
    able to
  • Explain what DHCP is
  • Describe how DHCP works
  • Explain how routers can forward DHCP broadcast
    packets
  • Describe how a DHCP relay agent works

4
Lesson Adding and Authorizing the DHCP Server
Service
  • Why Use DHCP?
  • What Is Automatic Private IP Addressing?
  • How DHCP Allocates IP Addresses
  • How the DHCP Lease Generation Process Works
  • How the DHCP Lease Renewal Process Works
  • How a DHCP Server Service Is Authorized
  • Practice Adding and Authorizing a DHCP Server
    Service

5
Why Use DHCP?
DHCP reduces the complexity and amount of
administrative work by using automatic TCP/IP
configuration
6
What Is Automatic Private IP Addressing?
APIPA automatically self-configures addresses
when there is no DHCP server available
Advantages
Disadvantages
  • Serves as a DHCP server failover mechanism for
    small networks
  • Automatically assigns an IP address in a specific
    range
  • Forces assignment of addresses typically not used
  • Conceals possible connectivity problems
  • Does not work outside 169.254.x.x subnet
  • Is not routable

7
How DHCP Allocates IP Addresses
DHCP Client2IP configuration from DHCP server
Non-DHCP ClientStatic IP configuration


Lease Renewal
Lease Generation
DHCP Server
DHCP Client1IP configuration from DHCP server
IP Address1 Leased to DHCP Client1 IP Address2
Leased to DHCP Client2 IP Address3 Available to
be leased
8
How the DHCP Lease Generation Process Works
DHCP Server2


DHCP Server1
DHCP Client
9
How the DHCP Lease Renewal Process Works
50 of lease duration has expired
87.5 of lease duration has expired
100 of lease duration has expired
If the client fails to renew its lease, after 50
of the lease duration has expired, then the DHCP
lease renewal process will begin again after
87.5 of the lease duration has expired
If the client fails to renew its lease, after
87.5 of the lease has expired, then the DHCP
lease generation process starts over again with a
DHCP client broadcasting a DHCPDISCOVER
10
How a DHCP Server Service Is Authorized
If DHCP Server1 finds its IP address on the list,
the service starts and supports DHCP clients
DHCP Server1 checks with the domain controller to
obtain a list of authorized DHCP servers
DHCP Server1
DHCP Server2
DHCP Server2 checks with the domain controller
to obtain a list of authorized DHCP servers
If DHCP Server2 does not find its IP address on
the list, the service does not start and support
DHCP clients
DHCP client receives IP address from authorized
DHCP Server1
DHCP authorization is the process of registering
the DHCP Server service in the Active Directory
domain to support DHCP clients
11
Practice Adding and Authorizing a DHCP Server
Service
  • In this practice, you will
  • Add a DHCP server
  • Authorize the DHCP Server service

12
Lesson Configuring a DHCP Scope
  • What Are DHCP Scopes?
  • Demonstration Configuring a DHCP Scope
  • What Are Superscopes and Multicast Scopes?
  • What Is Network Monitor?
  • Practice Configuring a DHCP Scope

13
What Are DHCP Scopes?
A scope is a range of IP addresses that are
available to be leased
DHCP Server
LAN A
LAN B
Scope A
Scope B
Scope Properties
  • Scope name
  • Exclusion range
  • Lease duration
  • Network IP address range
  • Network ID
  • Subnet mask

14
Demonstration Configuring a DHCP Scope
Your instructor will demonstrate how to
  • Configure a DHCP scope
  • Activate a DHCP scope

15
What Are Superscopes and Multicast Scopes?
16
What Is Network Monitor?
  • Network Monitor
  • Captures a sample of network traffic
  • Uses filters to select specific packets
  • Decodes the packets
  • Compiles network statistics

3
2
1
4
17
Practice Configuring a DHCP Scope
  • In this practice, you will
  • Configure two DHCP scopes
  • Configure a DHCP superscope
  • Verify IP address allocation by using Network
    Monitor

18
Lesson Configuring DHCP Reservations and Options
  • What Is a DHCP Reservation?
  • What Are DHCP Options?
  • Demonstration Configuring DHCP Reservations and
    Options
  • How DHCP-Server, Scope, and Reserved-Client
    Options Are Applied
  • How DHCP Class-Level Options Are Applied
  • Practice Configuring DHCP Reservations Options

19
What Is a DHCP Reservation?
20
What Are DHCP Options?
DHCP options are configuration parameters that a
DHCP server assigns to clients
DHCP Client
DHCP Client IP Configuration Data
  • Clients IP address
  • Clients subnet mask
  • DHCP options

DHCP Server
21
Demonstration Configuring DHCP Reservations and
Options
Your instructor will demonstrate how to
  • Configure a DHCP reservation
  • Configure a DHCP server option
  • Configure a DHCP scope option

22
How DHCP-Server, Scope, and Reserved-Client
Options Are Applied
DHCP option applied at the server level
DHCP option applied at the scope level
DHCP option applied at the reserved-client level
23
How DHCP Class-Level Options Are Applied
File and Print Server
DHCP Server
Windows 98
Scope A
Scope B
Router
Router
Windows XP
Windows XP
DHCP option applied at the class level
24
Practice Configuring DHCP Options
  • In this practice, you will
  • Configure and test a DHCP reservation
  • Configure DHCP server and scope options
  • Configure and test a new DHCP user class

25
Lesson Configuring a DHCP Relay Agent
  • What Is a DHCP Relay Agent?
  • How a DHCP Relay Agent Works
  • How a DHCP Relay Agent Uses Hop Count
  • How a DHCP Relay Agent Uses Boot Threshold
  • Practice Configuring a DHCP Relay Agent

26
What Is a DHCP Relay Agent?
A DHCP relay agent is a computer or router that
listens for DHCP/BOOTP broadcasts from DHCP
clients and then relays those messages
DHCP Server
DHCP Relay Agent
Unicast
Broadcast
Broadcast
Subnet A
Subnet B
Routers (NonRFC 1542 Compliant)
Client
Client
Client
Client
27
How a DHCP Relay Agent Works
DHCP Relay Agent
DHCP Server
Client2
Router Non-RFC 1542 Compliant
Client3
Client1
28
How a DHCP Relay Agent Uses Hop Count
The hop count threshold is the number of routers
through which the packet can be transmitted
before it is discarded
DHCP Relay Agent 2
Hop Count 2
DHCP Relay Agent 1
DHCP Server
29
How a DHCP Relay Agent Uses Boot Threshold
The boot threshold is the time the DHCP relay
agent will wait for a DHCP server response before
forwarding the request
30
Practice Configuring a DHCP Relay Agent
  • In this practice, you will
  • Install and configure LAN routing
  • Configure a DHCP relay agent

31
Lab Allocating IP Addressing by Using Dynamic
Host Configuration Protocol
  • In this lab, you will identify and resolve common
    problems in allocating IP addressing by using DHCP
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