Mark Oreglia Activities in the EFI HEP Group

1
Mark Oreglia Activities in the EFI HEP Group

• OPAL
• ATLAS
• (Muon Collider/Beamline Instrumentation)
• International Linear Collider
• ICAR project

2
OPAL 1985-2005

• There was much more hair around here in 1987
  when we built OPALs Presampler Barrel
• Shows the stress of reductions in NSF funding
• What Pilcher did not cover
• Chicago searches
• b ID and B physics
• Tau physics
• Exotic Higgs bosons
• LEP-wide Higgs combo

3
Searches for Higgs Bosons

• Chicago has been involved in the OPAL Higgs
  searches since day-1
• Oreglia authored first OPAL Higgs search paper
  (1990)
• Presented first LEP search summary at Neutrino
  90
• Oreglia, Strom, Roney dilepton channel
• Hocker, Oreglia tau channel and MSSM strategy
• Tau channel sensitive to new physics
• Contributed to flavor-independent Higgs limit
• Nguyen, Merritt first decay-mode independent LEP
  search (1991)
• Coverage of low mass region filled a gap and is
  still the best limit

4
From Hogans Flavor-Independent Paper

• LEP-1 analysis from 1991
• set limits to mH0
• tagged recoil against
• Z ? ee, mm
• Z ? nn
• still best low-mass limits

5
Nonstandard Higgs Bosons

• Exploration of more general 2HDM led to photonic
  Higgs LEP industry (Oreglia, Turcot)
• First paper in 1993 followed by other 3 LEP
  collabs
• Led to development of better photon ID tools
• Promoted better investigation of theory space
• Expanded fermiophobic 2HDM
• Higgs triplet models
• Final analysis of all LEP data
• OPAL limit is still the best, so there!
• Oreglia has combined the LEP results limit to
  109 GeV
• Inclusion of WW, ZZ channels in process
  (publication in 2005)
• Participation in MSSM analysis ? CP-violating
  model
• Only OPAL has limits on this now-popular model

6
Results from OPAL Photonic Higgs Search
7
b ID and B physics

• Kroll chaired lepton ID working group improved
  b ID for first Rb analyses
• Glenzinski, Hocker applied first likelihood
  ANN techniques to b ID platform for W mass
• Bellrive extended this to charm and got improved
  Vcs and RWc
• Also resulted in single-top production search and
  limits on FCNC
• Amaral, Oreglia revisited measurement of the
  semileptonic decays of the b quark into P-wave
  charmed meson D states

8
BR(B?Dl ?)

• disagreement among experiments on branching
  ratios into the two narrow states (D1 and D2)
  and whether two predicted broad states exist
• difficult because the D decay products must be
  identified in the core of a jet.
• Advances in data analysis techniques (especially
  b-tagging and particle ID) warranted a repeat
  measurement, and the new analysis has obtained
  much better results compared to the previous OPAL
  publication.
• It was nice to measure something that exists ?

9
Other Chicago Contributions

• Heavy leptons Merritt, Anderson, Redmond,
  Schappert
• Excited leptons Teuscher, Oreglia, Zhao
• Tau Physics Evans, Pilcher,Tecchio
• Instrumentation
• Eric Torrence (with Mike Hildreth) came up with
  the idea of designing a beamline spectrometer to
  check the LEP energy calibration 10 MeV
  precision
• Luminometer
• DAQ electronics designed/built at EFI (Anderson,
  Pilcher)
• Si prototyping and construction Tecchio
  developed 5 mm metrology
• lumi testbeam organized by Chicago Oreglia,
  Evans, Wagner, Hart, Strom
• Tools
• Bellerive, Kroll, Glenzinski, Hocker vastly
  improved lepton, b- and tau tagging using
  likelihood techniques incorporating neural
  network elements
• Evans, Tecchio, Pilcher Kaon ID in multihadron
  modes
• Oreglia, Turcot improved conversion ID package
  used in all post-1995 photon analyses
• Amaral, Oreglia improved b-ID in multi-jet
  environment
• Merrett, Anderson major fix in heavy lepton MC
• Strom, Wagner Hart, Pilcher Oreglia luminosity
  analysis

10
Exotics Phase II

• LEP exotic Higgs activities have been reborn in
  Geneva the CP-violating and non-standard Higgs
  WG
• Application to TeVatron, b-factories, LHC and LC
• Making sure we cover all the bases
• Just like the yellowbook era of 1990 new stuff

11
NSH ATLAS Coverage

• It is becoming increasingly apparent that there
  are non-minimal models which have theoretical
  advantages over MSSM
• Strong EWSB
• MSSMextra singlets Minimal Nonminimal SSM
  MNSSM
• Higgs not of this earth Extra Dimension models
• Higgs as a pseudo-Goldstone boson Little Higgs
• 2HDM and triplets fermiophobic Higgs
• and the list is growing
• Problem adequately covering the phase-space
• Are there topological solutions?
• What signatures yield fastest unraveling
• K-factors still not under control

12
ATLAS Activities

• Rapidly growing Chicago analysis activity
• Gupta and Merritt paved the way
• Farbin and Hurwitz advancing SUSY analyses
• Martina moving to CERN devoting to SUSY Emiss
  analysis
• Now primary activity for Oreglia
• With Matt Wood explored calorimeter
  cell-weighting within Athena
• New optimizing event definition for specific
  processes
• Since 2000 working with Elizabeth Richter-Was on
  covering exotic SSB searches
• But aversion to using inadequate older
  simulations
• Going state-of-art has long learning curve these
  days
• Co-coordinator now in CPNSH

13
More prosaic Early studies of calorimeter cell
weighting schemes

• Work done 2002-3 with student Matthew Wood
• Study of jet energy resolution as function of
  calorimeter cluster weights
• The problem calorimeter calibrated to EM energy
  scale, and hadron calorimeter is not compensating
• We sought to minimize resolution with weights
  defined for h zones used full ATHENA framework
  (ouch!)

14
Chicago SUSY Emiss Activity

• Gupta, Farbin, Hurwitz very active in crafting
  second-generation SUSY Emiss analysis
• Using the real tools not old noiseless fortran
• Well matched to our work on jet definition and
  calibration
• Farbin has been successful in getting our own
  GRID production underway
• Looking at Meff ETmiss ETjets
• Have generated good statistics samples now
• Seeing big differences from DC1
• Starting to explore
• Resolution testbeam analysis
• Looking for better variables/objects

15
My own pet project of the moment

• Hard, but Interesting physics Higgs or Strong
  EWSB or ???
• Challenging process for detector
• 2 high-pT forward jets WW or ZZ in central
  region
• problem background from gg?ttg
• Recent progress discovery of discriminating
  variables (Dytag, etc)
• Can optimizing particle flow help out here?
• Can PF lead to better discriminating variables or
  likelihood?
• Can jj mass resolution be optimized by PF to
  differentiate W or Z?
• And this study good for LC too ?
• Therefore, just beginning to study calorimeter
  clustering and PF matching to tracker with 2
  undergrads (Jim McNeur and Tien-tien Yu)

16
Muon Collider Interlude

• During 2001-2004 I spent a fraction of my time
  studying Muon Collider physics and beamline
  instrumentation
• Work conducted with Kwang-Je Kim and postdoc Kara
  Hoffman using funding from State of Illinois
• The problem instrumentation that can survive the
  extreme environment in a muon ionization channel

17
Beam Profile Monitor Ideas

• 1st round concentrated on bolometric concept
  attached to liquid-H absorber vessel
• Developed graphite, nickel, etc, devices
• Refurbished vacuum deposition system built
  prototypes
• Harold Sanders Mircea Bogdan developed
  electronics
• Set up pulsed Xe and Ar-laser beam simulators
  later beam tests
• Trained 5 undergrads (and Kara ?)
• But evident now that MuColl technology far in
  future, and Kara had the idea to try dirty CVD
  diamond
• Hypothesis near-heatsink grade CVDD might
  perform adequately in intense beams and survive
• Result it worked prototypes built and tested
• FNAL beams division is producing some now

18
Linear Collider Activities

• When it became clear that MuColl not feasible, LC
  activity was ramping up Snowmass 2001 HEPAP
• Chicago hosted ALCPG January 2002 Workshop
• Jim Brau and myself suceeded Baltay/Grannis as
  ALCPG co-chairs
• Blucher, Kim on Exec Ctte
• Kim on US SG
• LC Steering cttes formed
• MJO edited US scope paper
• MJO co-wrote the ILC scope paper
• MJODawson ARNPS 2004 review on LC
• Jim I focusing on getting detectors better
  defined and important RD to a higher level
• DISCLAIMER LHC activity has higher priority
  right now for moment asking just for LC travel

19
Remainder of My TalkWhy LC Detector Now MJO
Projects

• ILC/FALC schedule call for physics starting 2015
  !!!
• Not credible, but they have reasons for staying
  with this for now
• Strong reasons to urge startup while LHC still
  online (2020?)
• With that timeline in mind, many feel it is
  premature to spend RD money on detectors now
• I dont, so let me explain why
• LC detectors have very clear physics missions
• They require state-of-the-art ? 2-10
• Repeat not LHC technology not LEP technology
• The following are adapted from a recent talk at
  MDI/SLAC

20
3 Archetype Physics Topics

• Light Higgs -- tracker
• Best recoil mass resolution in Z-gt dileptons
• Strong EWSB -- calorimeter
• Important to look at WW scattering
• W/Z jet separation crucial
• Some SUSY scenarios -- hermeticity
• Cosmology benchmarks summarized
• bulk -gt cc annihilation -gt smuon/selectron
• coannihilation -gt c-stau annihil. -gt staus
• Low angle backgrounds

21
Momentum Resolution

• ee-gZHgll X
• Golden physics channel!
• Zgmm BR 3.4
• d(1/p) 7 x 10-5/GeV
• 1/10 LEP !!!
• goal dMmm lt0.1x GZ
• dMH dominated by beamstrahlung

22
Impact Parameter

• dd 5 mm Å 10/p(GeV) mm
• 1/3 SLD !!!
• excellent flavor tagging capabilities for charm
  and bottom quarks
• Need exceptional tagging for reducing
  combinatorial background in multi-jets ...
• Charge assignment
• Asymmetry measurements
• (measurement of Higgs BRs not so sensitive!)
• The big question inner VTX radius
• No simple answer physics reach gains with lever
  arm and background suppresion, esp low momentum
  particles
• thus, low MS, small radius is essential
• Needs more validation, but we are talking 1.5 cm
  radius!
• Instrument lifetime issue

23
(Jet) Energy Resolution

• dE/E 0.3/ÖE(GeV)
• lt1/2 LEP !!!
• DMDijet GZ/W
• separation between
  
  ee-gnnWWgnnqqqq and ee-gnnZZgnnqqqq

24
Particle Flow

• reconstruction of multijet final states
• ee- ? HH- ? tbtb ? bqqb bqqb
• Emphasis on combined systems now
• System compataibility means fine granularity in
  calorimeters (1 cm2 !!!)
• Digital mode possible, if backgrounds
  controllable

25
Hermeticity

• hermetic down to q 5 mrad
• Important physics with missing energy topologies
  (SUSY , extra-dim, Higgs, ...)
• Background issues
• Ability to veto low-pT particles
• Crossing angle optimization
• Excellent physics motivation SUSY-stau

26
IR-Related Issues

• Good measurements in the low-angle region
• Need to make pT cuts for physics analyses
• Need to mask and reduce occupancies in low angle
  region
• Need convincing? See Bambades summary of X-angle
  mtg
• Beam-beam interaction
• broadening of energy distribution
  (beamstrahlung)
• 5 of power at 500 GeV
• backgrounds
• ee- pairs
• radiative Bhabhas
• low energy tail of disrupted beam
• neutron back-shine from dump
• hadrons from gamma-gamma

27
IR Issues
Hits/bunch train/mm2 in VXD, and photons/train in
TPC
pairs
28
Beam Energy

• need to know ltEgtlumi-weighted
• Some analyses require better than 0.1
• techniques for determining the lumi-weighted
  ltECMgt
• energy spectrometers
• Bhabha acolinearity
• Other possibilities
• gZ, ZZ and WW events use existing Z and W mass
• utilize Bhabha energies in addition to Bhabha
  acol
• m-pair events use measured muon momentum
• 200 ppm feasible 50 ppm a difficult challenge

Top-mass need knowledge of E-spread FWHM to
level of 0.1
29
Crossing Angle
30
There are currently 3 Detector Concepts

• The WorldWide Study is working on a plan
• organization of effort
• benchmarking performance
• cdr/tdrs
• selection
• 3 concepts are materializing
• The TESLA concept TPC-tracker
• Silicon tracker calorimetry (SiD)
• new large magnetic volume concept (Global Large
  Detector, GLD)
• Rethinking as new information available

31
Comparison of 3 Concepts(thanks to Y. Sugimoto)

• Very large R
• Jet chamber or TPC
• Scintilator/W-Pb-Fe

• Moderate R
• TPC tracker
• SiW ECAL

• Si tracking and ECAL
• Small R
• Smallest granularity

32
Snowmass 2005

• The ALCPG and, separately, ILC will meet at
  Snowmass this summer
• Crucial steps towards detector definitions and
  CDRs
• Real chance to optimize integrated detector
  design for PF
• Essential studies of Machine-detector interface
• 700 participants expected, with about 50 non-US

33
Summary of MJO LC Future

• 1st priority getting global detector RD on
  track
• 2005 concentrate on administrative role (travel
  money)
• Detector RD activity detector optimization for
  PF
• Working with undergrad to do this for SiD concept
• Linking this to what we learn from PF studies for
  ATLAS
• Since ATLAS takes priority now, I see this as the
  responsible way to contribute to LC (unless a
  postdoc can eventually be taken on for LC
  activity)

• I have also worked with Jose Repond (ANL) on RPC
  hadcal
• Undergrads Abby Kaboth and Steve Olmschenk
  built/tested prototypes and CR telescope/tracker
• Abby identified several problems with the
  design
• Id like to continue participating on CALICE
  prototype and beamtest perhaps subcontract to
  build FE electronics in our e-shop