Global Higher Education Rankings: Affordability and Accessibility in Comparative Perspective Student

1
Global Higher Education Rankings Affordability
and Accessibility in Comparative Perspective
Student Financial Aid Research Network
Conference, Chicago IL 10 June 2005 Alex
UsherVice-President (Research) and Director
(Canada)Amy CervenanResearch Associate
Educational Policy Institute
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Objectives

• Create comparable cross-national data on the
  affordability and accessibility of higher
  education
• Discuss what is meant by affordability and
  accessibility of higher education
• Preliminary exploration of links between them

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Affordability Weightings

• Indicator Weightings
• Education Costs EC (10)
• Total Costs TC (10)
• Net Costs NC (25)
• NC After Tax Expenditures (15)
• Out of Pocket Costs OOPC (25)
• OOPC After Tax Expenditures (15)
• Indicators reflect
• Student cost measures
• Role of supports (grants, tax, loans)

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Accessibility Weightings

• Indicator Weightings
• Participation Rate (25)
• Attainment Rate (25)
• Educational Equity Index (40)
• Gender Parity Index (10)
• Indicators reflect system
• Size how many go (50)
• Composition who goes (50)

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Major Data Sources Consulted

• International
• Eurostudent Project 2000
• ICHEFAP, SUNY Buffalo
• OECD database Education at a Glance 2004
• UNESCO Institute for Statistics
• National statistics bureaus and ministries
• Student Financial Support (Vossensteyn 2004)
• Country specific reports (e.g. Japans Education
  at a Glance 2004, Price of Knowledge 2004)
• USA
• NCES Digest of Education
• 2004 NASSGAP survey
• College Board, Trends in Student Aid 2003

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Education Costs

• Education Costs (EC) tuition and fees
• USA EC is weighted by participation in public and
  private 4 year institutions

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Total Cost

• Total costs (TC) EC and Living Costs
• The gap between countries narrows

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Total Cost Affordability

• Per student TC as a fraction of GDP/capita
• Ability to pay influences access
• Cost data inputs gt ATP data scores for rankings

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Grants

• Average grant per student
• (as with all supports G, TE, L)

10
Tax Expenditures
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Loans
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Out-of-pocket Cost Perspective
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Out-of-pocket Affordability Perspective
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Affordability Rankings

• Sweden
• Finland
• The Netherlands
• Belgium (Flemish)
• Ireland
• Belgium (French)
• Austria
• Germany

• 9. France
• Italy
• Canada
• Australia
• United States
• United Kingdom
• New Zealand
• Japan

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Participation

• Participation rate of largest 4-year cohort

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Attainment

• Attainment rate of population aged 25-34

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Educational Equity Index (EEI)

• EEI described in A New Measuring Stick
• Quantifies over-representation of students
  educational background relative to the population
• Calculation
• EEI 100 ( of males 45-65 w/ HE)
• ( of students w/ fathers w/ HE)

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EEI Data and Scores
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Gender Parity Index
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Accessibility Rankings

• The Netherlands
• Finland
• United Kingdom
• United States
• Canada
• Australia
• Ireland

• 8. France
• 9. Sweden
• Italy
• Germany
• Belgium
• Austria

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Global Higher Education Rankings Affordability
and Accessibility in Comparative Perspective

• http//www.educationalpolicy.org/pdf/Global2005.pd
  f
• www.educationalpolicy.org
• ausher_at_educationalpolicy.org
• acervenan_at_educationalpolicy.org