SOL REVIEW AfricanAmerican History

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SOL REVIEWAfrican-American History
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What group did Europeans force to come to the
Americas?
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Africans
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What trade pattern brought African-Americans to
the English colonies?
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The Triangular Trade
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What was the name of the forced voyage of African
slaves from their homes to the New World?
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The Middle Passage
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According to the SOLs, what were the three
points in the Triangular Trade?
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1. New England colonies2. the West Indies3.
Africa
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What was the three-fifths compromise?
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1. A compromise between the northern states and
the southern states at the Constitutional
Convention.

• 2. Slaves would count as 3/5 of a person in
  figuring the slave states population for
  representation in the House of Representatives.

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Define abolitionists.
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People who wanted to abolish (end) slavery
immediately
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Who was one of the most important Abolitionist
leaders?
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William Lloyd Garrison
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What was the name of the antislavery newspaper in
Boston?
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The Liberator
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Who wrote Uncle Toms Cabin?
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Harriet Beecher Stowe
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Describe Uncle Toms Cabin.
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1. An antislavery novel2. Told the cruelties of
slavery
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Who was Gabriel Prosser?
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• 1. African-American slave
• 2. Planned a slave revolt in Richmond, Va.
• 3. Revolt crushed by Va. militia
• 4. Prosser and 35 slaves were executed

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Who was Nat Turner?
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• 1. An African-American slave
• 2. Led a slave revolt in Southampton County, Va.
• 3. Killed 55 whites
• 4. More than one hundred blacks were killed
• 5. Turner was captured and executed.

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What was the Supreme Courts decision in the Dred
Scott case?
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• 1. Since Dred Scott was a slave, he could not sue
  in federal court.
• 2. African-Americans were not citizens of the
  United States.
• 3. Since Congress had no power to prohibit
  slavery in the territories, the Missouri
  Compromise was unconstitutional.

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What did the Dred Scott decision say about the
Missouri Compromise?
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The Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional.
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In Dred Scott v. Sandford did the Supreme Court
rule that Scott should remain a slave or gain his
freedom?
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Remain a slave
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Identify Frederick Douglass.
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• 1. Former African-American slave
• 2. Important black abolitionist
• 3. Encouraged President Lincoln to recruit former
  slaves to fight in the Union army

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What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?
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Freed all slaves who lived in states still in
rebellion on Jan. 1, 1863
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Identify the 13th Amendment.
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Freed the Slaves
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Identify 14th Amendment.
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1. Granted citizenship to African-Americans2.
Forbid the states from denying any American
equal protection of the laws
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Identify the 15th Amendment.
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Gave African-American males the right to vote
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What are the key words to remember the
Reconstruction Amendments?
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13th Freedom14th Citizenship15th Vote
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What was the Jim Crow Era?
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The period (late 1800s to mid-1960s) when the
Southern states required racial segregation in
public schools, transportation and other public
facilities.
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For what is Jim Crow a synonym?
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Racial Segregation
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What political rights did African-Americans lose
during the Jim Crow Era?
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1. The right to vote2. The right to serve on
juries
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Define racial segregation.
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1. Separation of the races2. In the South,
separation of blacks and whites
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• What type of education did Booker T. Washington
  advocate (call for/support) for African-Americans?

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Vocational education
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• How did the Supreme Court rule in 1896 in the
  case of
• Plessy v. Ferguson?

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Racial segregation was constitutional (legal).
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• What doctrine was established by the Supreme
  Courts
• decision in
• Plessy v. Ferguson?

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The Separate But Equal Doctrine
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• What does
• racial segregation mean?

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Separation of the races
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• For what does NAACP stand?

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National Association for the Advancement of
Colored People
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• What were three ideas in Booker T. Washingtons
  philosophy for the advancement of
  African-Americans

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1) Vocational Education2) Self-Help3) Economic
Success
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• What were W.E.B. DuBois ideas for the
  advancement of African-Americans?

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Legal Rights and Political Equality for
African-Americans NOW!
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Identify the Plessy v. Ferguson decision.
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1. Separate but equal facilities were
constitutional2. Racial segregation was legal
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For what two things did the NAACP work?
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1. End legal segregation in the South2. Gain
the right to vote for African-Americans in the
South
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Who was an early leader of the NAACP?
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W.E.B. DuBois
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What Supreme Court decision set forth the
separate but equal doctrine?
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Plessy v. Ferguson
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What was the 1954 Supreme Court decision in the
Brown v. Board of Education decision?
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Supreme Court declared racial segregation in
public schools unconstitutional
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What was the constitutional basis of the Brown
decision?
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Racial segregation violated the equal
protection clause of the 14th Amendment
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What event made Rosa Parks famous?
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The Montgomery Bus Boycott
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What was the goal of the 1963 March on Washington?
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Gain passage of major civil rights laws by
Congress
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Who gave the I have a dream speech at the March
on Washington?
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Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
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For what method of protest was Dr. King known?
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Non-violent, mass protest
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Identify the 1964 Civil Rights Act.
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1. Outlawed racial, religious, and sex
discrimination in public places and by
employers2. Gave the federal government more
power to enforce all civil rights laws
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Identify the 1965 Voting Rights Act.
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1. Outlawed literacy tests as a voting
requirement2. Sent federal registrars to the
South to register black voters
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What was a literacy test?
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Person had to prove he could read and write in
order to vote
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Why did the Southern states require literacy
tests?
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To keep African-Americans from voting