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You will need to copy the following notes. Many things from these notes will be on a test at the end of the unit.

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All matter has certain properties that allow us to distinguish one type of ... Gas given off (bubbling or fizzing) Color Change. Temperature Change ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: You will need to copy the following notes. Many things from these notes will be on a test at the end of the unit.


1
MATTER
  • You will need to copy the following notes. Many
    things from these notes will be on a test at the
    end of the unit.
  • Do not lose them!!!

2
CHANGES IN MATTER
  • MATTER is any object or substance that has mass
    and volume.
  • VOLUME is the amount of space something takes up.

3
PROPERTIES OF MATTER
  • All matter has certain properties that allow us
    to distinguish one type of material from another
  • The specific properties a material has determines
    how the material is used.
  • Example bridges are made of concrete and steel
    instead of rubber and glass.

4
Physical Properties
  • A property or a characteristic of a substance
    that can be observed without changing the
    substance

5
EXAMPLES
  • color
  • Texture
  • Volume
  • Mass
  • Size
  • Shape
  • taste
  • Density
  • Odor
  • Freezing Point
  • Boiling Point
  • Height
  • Conductivity
  • Solubility

6
STATES OF MATTER
  • Three main states Solid, Liquid, Gas
  • 4th state is Plasma (not found naturally on
    Earth)
  • Temperature of a substance or material determines
    its state of matter.

7
State of Matter Shape Volume
Solid Does not change (fixed) Does not change (Fixed)
Liquid Changes (not fixed) Does not change (fixed)
Gas Changes (not fixed) Changes (not fixed)
8
  • To change a state of matter, you have to change
    the temperature.
  • To change liquid water to a gas you add heat.
  • Water is the only substance on Earth that we find
    naturally occurring in all 3 states of matter.

9
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
  • describes how one substance reacts with another
    substance to form a completely new substance.
  • A metal pipe reacts with oxygen to form rust.
  • A piece of paper reacts with fire to form ash.

10
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
  • Evidence of a chemical reaction
  • New substance formed
  • Gas given off (bubbling or fizzing)
  • Color Change
  • Temperature Change

11
Now a little video on Physical Changes
12
Now a little video on Chemical Changes
13
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHANGES
  • A physical change occurs when the appearance of
    the substance changes, but chemically the
    substance is the same.
  • The individual molecules are the same and no new
    matter is formed.
  • Often, physical changes are just changes in state
    of matter
  • Freezing, melting, and freezing.

14
EXAMPLES OF CHANGES
  • EVAPORATION
  • A substance changes from a liquid to a gas
  • MELTING
  • A substance changes from a solid to a liquid
  • FREEZING
  • Substance changes from a liquid to a solid
  • SUBLIMATION
  • Substance changes from a solid directly to a gas

15
CHEMCIAL CHANGES
  • Changes occurs when a chemical reaction takes
    place. The substances produced during a chemical
    reaction are different from the original
    substance.
  • Energy is involved in all chemical reactions.

16
EVIDENCE
  • A chemical reaction has taken place
  • Solid sludge forms at the bottom of the test tube
  • Heat or light is produced
  • A gas is produced
  • A color change has occurred

17
DENSITY
  • A physical property of matter
  • Defined
  • The mass per unit of volume of a substance at a
    temperature and pressure (g/cm3)
  • Formula
  • Density mass / volume (Dm/v)
  • Measures how tightly packed the particles of a
    substance are.

18
ARCHIMEDES PRINCIPAL
  • Objects that are less dense than water will
    float.
  • Objects with greater density than water will sink
    in water.
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