ICS 101 Introduction to Computer Programming

1
ICS 101 Introduction to Computer Programming

• Zeehasham Rasheed
• hasham_at_ccse.kfupm.edu.sa
• Information Computer Science Department
• King Fahd University of Petroleum Minerals

2
Instructor

• Name Zeehasham Rasheed
• E-mail hasham_at_ccse.kfupm.edu.sa
• Office Building 23 Room 016B
• Phone 1489/1490
• Office hours Saturday, 01.00pm 03.00pm

3
Lab Schedule

• Sunday, 1110 am 0210 pm (15 minutes break for
  prayer time)
• Building 14 Room 104

4
Course Description

• An overview of the computer system, its main
  components and their functions.
• Programming in FORTRAN 77 with emphasis on a
  modular and structured problem solving approach
  that includes program coding, algorithm design,
  debugging and testing. Various programming
  problems will be illustrated as examples in the
  class.

5
Textbook

• Introduction to Computer Programming using
  FORTRAN 77, Second Edition by Al-Dhaher, et, al.
  KFUPM Press, 1995.
• If you haven't got it, get it from the Bookstore
  as soon as possible.

6
Grading Policy

• MAJOR I 20
• MAJOR II 25
• FINAL 30
• LAB WORK 13 (1 _at_ LABS)
• LAB QUIZZES 12 (2 _at_ QUIZ)

7
Lab Grading Parameters

• Attendance
• Any student who missed a with an official excuse
  must present it to me not later than one-week
  following his resumption of class attendance.
• No make up of lab work.
• Quizzes
• 6 Quizes (No make up).
• Manners
• Activity

8
Lab Objective

• Lab work is given to provide an opportunity for
  students to exercise programming
• Be active in class and lab discussion
• Homeworks will be given as exercises for the
  quizzes

9
Remarks

• Do remind me if I speak too fast or not clearly
  (Most of us are not native speakers).
• Remind me if I make mistakes
• If there are things you'd like to discuss, meet
  me in office hours or e-mail me.

10
Major Concepts in the Course Description

• Computer
• Components
• Functions
• Programming
• Fortran 77
• Algorithm
• Coding
• Testing
• Debugging

11
Computer

• What is a computer?
• A computer is a machine for manipulating data
  according to a list of instructions.
• Where can you find computers?
• What kinds of computers do we have?

12
What is a computer?

• Computare to compute
• Various calculations (arithmetic, logical, ....)
• Early computers were used to
• help in census
• Counting process
• An electronic device that can accept input,
  process the input, provide information, run a
  program stored in memory, and store a program

13
Where can we find computers?

• Obvious forms
• Desktop computers
• Laptop/notebook computers
• Personal Digital Assistant
• Less obvious forms
• Smartphones
• Automatic Teller Machines
• Home appliances
• Security devices

14
What kinds of computer do we have?

• Depends of the category
• Personal Computer (PC)
• Desktop
• Laptop
• Workstation
• Mainframe
• Minicomputer
• Supercomputer

15
Computer

• Hardware
• Software
• Netware
• Brainware

16
Computer System Hardware

• Oversimplified diagram
• Details will depend on the design

17
Computer Components

• Input devices
• Output devices
• Central Processing Unit (CPU)
• Memory
• Bus

18
I/O Devices

• What are the examples of input devices?
• Keyboard, mouse
• What are the examples of output devices?
• Monitor, Printer
• Are there devices that can be both input and
  output devices?
• Touch Screens
• Connect computer to the outer environment
  (people, other computers, other devices)
• Also called peripheral devices

19
Central Processing Unit (CPU)

• What are the examples of CPUs?
• Also known as processor
• The brain of a computer system
• Performs the execution of instructions given
• Uses the data stored in the memory

20
CPU
21
Memory

• An area to store programs and data
• Based on volatility
• Volatile
• Non-volatile
• Based on function primary and secondary
• Based on material
• Semiconductor
• Magnetic
• Optical

22
Memory

• Which is better volatile or non-volatile memory?
• Trade off

23
Bus

• All those components need to communicate
• Communication path ? BUS

24
Software

• What are examples of softwares?
• Program
• Is there a program running in your computers?
• Simply lists of instructions for the computer to
  execute.
• An ordered set of instructions to solve a problem
  in finite steps

25
Programming Languages

• How is it to tell the computers what to do?
• With the help of Programming language
• Can we speak directly to the computers?
• Yes, in the language which Computer can
  understand 0 and 1
• Faster but difficult to program
• Computers speak in binary
• Programming languages
• Machine Language
• Low Level Language
• High Level Language

26
Fortran

• One of the earliest programming languages
• Since 1954 and still widely used
• Latest standard Fortran 2003
• We will learn Fortran77 (a widely used standard)
• http//www.levenez.com/lang/history.html

27
Let's Try a Bit!

• Open Microsoft Developer Studio
• Open My Computer
• Double-click C Drive
• Double-click MSDEV folder
• Double-click BIN folder
• Double-click MSDEV file
• Create a Project Workspace
• File ? New... ? Project Workspace ? OK
• Type the name of the Project Workspace PROJ0

28
Creating a Simple Program

• Create a text file
• File ? New... ? Text File
• Save the file
• File ? Save As...
• Type the name of the file (lab0) .for extension
  to tell the MSDEV that it is a Fortran program
• You should see a green mark in the file

29
A Simple Print Program

• After the green mark type
• PRINT , 'ICS 101 LAB WORK'
• END

30
Running a Program

• Compile the program
• Build ? Compile Lab0.for
• Build the executable
• Build ? Build Proj0.exe
• Execute the executable
• Build ? Execute Proj0.exe

31
End of Lab

• Questions