IESO Controlled Grid ICG Operation Renewable RFP Workshop Feb 2205 Mark Wilson

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IESO Controlled Grid (ICG) OperationRenewable
RFP Workshop Feb 22/05Mark Wilson
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Operations Overview

• Reliability
• Reliability and Operating Organizations
• Reliability Standards and Security Criteria
• Operating States
• Communications
• Outage Planning and Scheduling

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What is Reliability?

• Reliability refers to operation of the power
  system regarding two main areas
• Transmission Security
• The ability of the power system to withstand the
  loss of any transmission element and not cause
  instability, uncontrolled separation, or
  cascading outages.
• Resource Adequacy
• The ability to provide sufficient capacity and
  energy to meet its demand taking into account
  scheduled and unscheduled outages of equipment or
  components.

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Interconnections
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Reliability Organizations - Whos Who
IESO
NPCC
NERC
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Reliability Organizations - NERC

• North-American Electric Reliability Council
  (NERC)
• Mission is to promote the reliability of the
  electricity supply for North America
• Formed in 1968 following the blackout in 1965
• NERC activities directed by its Board of Trustees
• NERC is a not-for-profit corporation whose owners
  are the Regional Councils
• There are ten Regional Councils

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Reliability Organizations - NERC

• Sets policies and standards for the planning and
  operation of the Interconnected Bulk Electrical
  Systems (BES) in North America
• Monitors compliance to NERC Policies and Standards

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Regional Reliability Organizations
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Reliability Organizations - NPCC

• The Northeast Power Coordinating Council promotes
  the reliable and efficient operation of the
  international, interconnected bulk power systems
  in Northeastern North America
• The area covered by NPCC includes New York, the
  six New England states, Ontario, Quebec, and the
  Maritime Provinces

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Reliability Organizations - NPCC

• NPCC promotes reliability to the Region through
• the establishment of region specific operating
  and planning criteria, consistent with NERC
  broad-based standards, and
• the assessment and enforcement of mandatory
  compliance with regional reliability criteria

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Reliability Organizations - IESO

• IESO Accountabilities
• The IESO is the NERC Reliability Coordinator for
  Ontario
• The IESO is Ontarios Control Area Operator and
  is party to the Northeast Power Coordinating
  Council (NPCC) agreement

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Reliability Organizations - IESO

• IESO Accountabilities Regarding Reliability
  include
• Participating in the development of reliability
  standards and criteria
• Directing the operation and maintaining the
  reliability of the IESO-controlled grid
• IESOs License, issued by the OEB, obligates IESO
  to enter into agreements with Transmitters for
  purposes of directing the operation of the
  electricity grid

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Reliability Organizations - IESO

• IESO Accountabilities continued...
• Maintain a set of Market Rules detailing
• reliability obligations (of IESO and MPs),
  authorities,
• IESO has full statute-based authority for
  establishing, monitoring and enforcing
  reliability standards
• IESO is an active participant in NERC and NPCC
  and has adopted the standards developed through
  these organizations as the basis for reliability
  standards in Ontario

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Operating Organization in Ontario
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NERC Policies

• The NERC Operating Manual detail the minimum
  requirements to ensure power system reliability.
• NERC Policies place the primary responsibility
  for reliability on Reliability Coordinators
• Compliance with NERC Policies is mandatory and
  subject to sanctions
• NERC is currently developing a new set of
  Standards that will be replacing existing NERC
  Policies

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Security Criteria - NERC

• Resource Adequacy
• Each Control Area shall
• Maintain sufficient operating reserve to account
  for errors in forecasting, and forced outage etc
  (equal to the most sever single loss of
  generation)
• Ensure that operating reserve is dispersed
• Provide through Automatic Generation Control
  (AGC), contribution to Interconnection frequency
  regulation.

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Security Criteria - NERC

• Transmission Security
• Each Control Area shall
• Operate so that instability, uncontrolled
  separation, or cascading outages will not occur
  as a result of the most severe single
  contingency.
• Examine multiple outages of a credible nature, as
  specified by Regional policy, when practical,
  operate to protect against instability resulting
  from these multiple outages.
• Following a contingency or other event that
  results in an Operating Security Limit (OSL)
  violation, return the transmission system to
  within OSL
• as soon as possible, but no longer than
• 30 minutes!!!!

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Security Criteria - NPCC

• Resource Adequacy
• The objective of NPCC policy on operating
  reserve is to ensure a high degree of reliability
  in the NPCC Region.
• NPCC policy states that
• Each Area must maintain Ten Minute operating
  reserve equivalent to its largest first
  contingency loss.
• Ten minute reserve must be maintained at all
  times and if activated, be sustainable until
  replacement capacity is made available.
• Following a recognized contingency, ten minute
  reserve must be replaced within 105 minutes
  minutes for a reportable contingency.
• Each Area must maintain Thirty Minute operating
  reserve equivalent to one half its largest second
  contingency loss.

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Security Criteria - NPCC

• Transmission Reliability - Normal System
  Operation
• Stability of the bulk power system shall be
  maintained during and following the most severe
  of the following contingencies with due regard to
  reclosing
• A permanent three-phase fault on any generator,
  transmission circuit, transformer or bus section
  with normal fault clearing
• Simultaneous permanent phase to ground faults on
  different phases of each of two adjacent
  transmission circuits on multiple circuit towers,
  with normal fault clearing.
• A permanent phase to ground fault on any
  transmission circuit, transformer, or bus section
  with delayed fault clearing.
• Loss of any element without a fault.
• A permanent phase to ground fault on a circuit
  breaker with normal fault clearing.
• The failure of a circuit breaker associated with
  a Special Protection System(SPS).

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Security Criteria - NPCC

• Transmission Reliability - Emergency System
  Operation
• In an Emergency, contingencies to be respected
  may be relaxed
• A permanent three phase fault on any generator,
  transmission circuit, transformer or bus section
  with normal fault clearing.
• The loss of any element without a fault.

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IESO Policies

• IESO Reliability policies are detailed in Market
  Manual Part 7.4 IESO-Controlled Grid Operating
  Policies
• IESO policies are consistent with NERC and NPCC
  standards
• in some cases they are more restrictive

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Security Criteria - IESO

• For those areas of the IESO-controlled grid that
  may impact the interconnections NPCC normal
  criteria contingencies are respected
• For those areas of the IESO-controlled grid where
  the IESO has determined that NPCC normal criteria
  contingencies will not have an impact on the
  interconnections only single element
  contingencies are respected

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IESO Operating States

• Normal Operating State
• Abnormal Operating States
• High Risk
• Contingent
• Emergency

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Communications

• Whos Who at the IESO
• Timeliness of Communication
• Communication Principles
• Communication Protocols
• Normal Conditions
• Abnormal Conditions
• Contingencies
• Emergency Operating State
• High Risk

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Wallboard of Ontario Electrical Grid
Senior Operations Officer Markets
Assistant Operations Officer System
Senior Operations Officer System
Assistant Operations Officer System
Market Assistant Operations Officer Markets
System for Markets
Superintendent Operations
IESO Control Room
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Timeliness of Communication

• Timely communication and action by market
  participants and the IESO is vital for secure and
  reliable operation of the IESO-controlled grid
• The Market Rules frequently identify that a
  notification / action must be done
• PROMPTLY
• Why?

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Timeliness of Communication

• PROMPTLY - Why?
• Situational Awareness
• Responses to limit violations are to be ASAP
• Corrective actions completed in less than the 15
  / 30 minute requirement

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Communication Principles

• Clear communications is paramount during normal
  and abnormal conditions.
• The Control Room Operator (CRO) must understand
  what has been said and ensure that messages are
  correctly understood by the receiving party(s).
• Unconscious editing, technical term
  misunderstanding, or technical medium problems
  make it imperative that the receiver repeat the
  message back to the sender.

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Communication Principles

• Example of effective communications
• IESO to Tx. - Please close the Buchanan HL31
  breaker which will place circuit M31W on
  potential
• Tx. to IESO - I understand you want me to close
  the Buchanan HL31 breaker placing circuit M31W on
  potential
• IESO to Tx. - That is correct

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Communication Principles

• Avoid misunderstanding - use official operating
  terminology (MM 7.6 Glossary of Standard
  Operating Terminology)
• Avoid use of jargon that may only be understood
  locally
• Avoid use of first names, where possible address
  individuals by station or site name, e.g. Hydro
  One, Lambton or Trans Alta
• Avoid excessive verbiage - be concise and precise
• Provide complete attention to listening

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Communication Protocols

• Established via the Market Rules, IESO Market
  Manuals, Transmission System Code and related
  Operating and Connection Agreements
• Distinction between routine operations (Normal
  Condition) and Abnormal Conditions (Contingent,
  Emergency Operating State, High Risk)

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Communications for Normal Conditions
Generators / Distributors / CWC
Co-ordination of Switching / Outage Timing
Requirements, Work Protection Specifics in
Connection Agreements
Transmitters
Co-ordination of Reliability Information, Outage
Notification Approvals for switching equipment
out and returning to service
IESO
Other R/Cs
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Communication Protocols - Example
Normal Operation of Facilities
Authority Center
IESO
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Communications for Abnormal Conditions
Generators / Distributors / CWC
Facility Status / Disconnection / Reconnection
Notification when multi-party call not initiated
as per agreements
Transmitters
IESO
Other R/Cs
IESO Co-ordination of Reliability
Information Direction of Restoration of Outaged
Equipment Directions to Restore Reliability
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Communication Protocols - Example
Circuit Trip
Authority Center
IESO
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Communication Protocols - Example
Distributor, CWC or Generator Transformer Low
Voltage Trip
Authority Center
IESO
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Communication Protocols - Example
MP Contingencies or Actions that may Impact an
Operating Security Limit
OSL
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Removal of Equipment

• Market Participants cannot remove equipment
  or facilities from service without prior approval
  from the IESO
• Exceptions
• To prevent damage to the Market Participants
  equipment or facilities,
• To protect the safety of employees, the public or
  the environment, or
• To prevent violation of applicable law(s)

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Outage Planning and Reporting

• Outage Reporting Requirements
• Outage Categories
• Planned Outages
• Forced Outages
• Outage Timelines
• Notifications by IESO

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Outage Reporting Requirements

• Reporting requirements - Market Manual Part 7.3
  Outage Management - Appendix B
• Exemptions to outage reporting requirements
  through IESO Exemption Process
• Applies to all Facilities connected to the IESO
  Controlled Grid and/or participating in the IESO
  Administered markets plus any Auxiliaries as
  identified in the Participant Outage Reporting
  Letters

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Outage Categories

• Inspections
• Tests

• Repairs
• Failure

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What Constitutes an Outage

• Removal of equipment from service
• Making equipment unavailable for connection
• Temporarily de-rating equipment
• Restricting the use of equipment (Including
  Auxiliaries)
• A reduction in equipment or performance

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Planned Outage Timeline
IESO either provides advance approval or
rejects outage
IESO provides final approval
MP submits current schedule
33 calendar days
day of outage
2 business days
3 business days
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Outage Notifications from IESO
IESO either provides advance approval or
rejects outage
33 calendar days
day of outage
3 business days
2 business days
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Outages - Examples
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Energy Forecasts

• Long Term Forecasts and Assessments may require
  monthly energy and capacity factors for the 18
  month outlook
• Market Forecasts and Integration may also require
  energy forecasts for the next four weeks weekly
  for the SAA adequacy assessment reports.