FIGURE 1

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Presentation Objectives

• Describe an organizational collaboration to
  produce a joint research report.
• Characterize the desire to quit smoking among
• adult Minnesotans.
• members of two publicly subsidized insurance
  programs.
• high school students.
• Identify unique barriers for low-income groups.
• Suggest use of results to advocate for offering
  cessation resources.

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Collaborators

• Minnesota Partnership for Action Against Tobacco
  (MPAAT)
• Barbara Schillo, Ph.D.
• Minnesota Dept. of Health Center for Health
  Statistics
• Brian Zupan, Ph.D.
• Pete Rode, Ph.D.
• Ann Kinney, Ph.D.
• Blue Cross Blue Shield of Minnesota
• Steven Foldes, Ph.D.
• Nina L. Alesci, M.P.H.

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Who Was Surveyed?

• Minnesota Adults (MPAAT)
• 6,000 adult state residents
• Blue Cross Blue Shield of Minnesota publicly
  subsidized adult members
• Minnesota Care 1,000 adult members
• Prepaid Medical Assistance Program 1,000 adult
  members (under age 65)
• Minnesota Youth Minnesota Dept. of Health Youth
  Tobacco Survey
• 12,000 6th-12th grade students

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Adult Survey Methods

• One survey instrument developed by team
• Blue Cross Blue Shield of Minnesota
• Minnesota Partnership for Action Against Tobacco
• MN Dept. of Health Dept. of Human Services
• U of Minnesota Medicine and Epidemiology
• Randomly selected adult sample (age 18 )
• Minnesotans Random Digit Dial method
• Blue Cross List sample of members
• Not representative of minority populations
• Telephone interviews conducted in 1999

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Whats the Story?

• Smoking Causes Death and Disease
• Many Adult Minnesotans Smoke
• Many Adult Smokers Try to Quit
• Quitting is Difficult Because Smoking is
  Addictive
• Many Smokers Quit Successfully, for Many Reasons
• There are Many Barriers to Quitting Smoking
• People Trying to Quit Smoking are Increasingly
  Seeking Assistance
• (Teen Story 5 points)
• Quitting Assistance Now Widely Available to
  Minnesotans

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Many Adult Minnesotans SmokeStatewide adult
smoking rates
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Many Adult Minnesotans SmokeBlue Plus
MinnesotaCare adult smoking rates
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Many Adult Minnesotans SmokeBlue Plus PMAP
adult smoking rates
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Many Adult Smokers Try to QuitReduced smoking
and quit attempts among current adult smokers
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Quitting is DifficultBecause Smoking is Addictive

• Of current smokers who tried to quit in the 12
  months before the survey
• 76 made multiple quit attempts
• 25 tried to quit six or more times
• All these attempts failed
• How addicted are these smokers?
• 46 smoke their first cigarette within 30 minutes
  of waking
• 17 within 5 minutes
• Mean cigarettes per day 15

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Quitting is DifficultBecause Smoking is
Addictive The more adults smoke, the less
confidence they have in their ability to quit
permanently.
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There are Many Barriers to QuittingCurrent
adult smokers identify many barriers to quitting.
Percent reporting yes
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There are Many Barriers to Quitting Smoking

• Variations in Barriers
• Risk of gaining weight
• Women 48 Men 17
• Loss of way to handle stress
• Women 65 Men 46
• Cost of medicines/products to help quit
• State 30, MNCare 50, PMAP 51
• Social Environment
• Spouse or close friend is a current smoker
• Never smoker 30 Current smoker 60

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People Trying to Quit are Increasingly Seeking
AssistanceFormer adult smokers use of quit
aids by time since quit.
Length of time since quit
Former smokers who used a quit aid
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People Trying to Quit are Increasingly Seeking
Assistance

• 36 of current smokers with at least one quit
  attempt in the prior 12 months used assistance in
  their most recent attempt.
• Interest in using assistance in future attempts
  if cost were not an issue
• 60 of all Minnesota smokers
• 72 of Blue Plus MinnesotaCare smokers
• 71 of Blue Plus PMAP smokers

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Types of aid preferred by current adult smokers
who would use assistance if cost were not an
issue.
Type of aid
Percent reporting yes
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Many Teens in Minnesota Smoke

• Minnesota Youth Tobacco Survey 2002
• High school students (9th to 12th grades) only,
  n7,625
• About 1/3rd current smokers, i.e. smoked
  cigarettes on 1 or more of past 30 days
• 17 frequent smokers
• 15 moderate smokers

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Most Teen Smokers Want to and Have Tried to Quit

• Over 60 have tried unsuccessfully to quit at
  least once in the past year
• Of those who have tried to quit, almost 3/4ths
  attempted twice or more
• Likely underexposed to quit support. Only 10
  report participating in quit program.

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Quitting is Especially Difficult for Teen who are
Frequent Smokers Frequent high school smokers
encounter greater difficulty than moderate
smokers when trying to quit.
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Family and Friends who Smoke Make it Harder for
Teens to Quit

• Family
• 61 of frequent teen smokers report living with
  another smoker compared to 27 of teens who have
  never smoked.
• Friends
• 90 of frequent teen smokers have 2 or more close
  friends who smoke, compared to 13 of
  never-smokers.

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Teens with Failed Quit Attempts are Least
Confident Frequent high school smokers,
especially those with prior quit attempts, less
often expressed confidence than moderate smokers
in their ability to quit smoking.
Percent confident in ability to quit
in future
Frequent smoker
Moderate smoker
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Recommendations

• What we already know
• Provide effective medications and counseling.
• Develop more resources for teens.
• To build support
• Develop clear, simple, data-driven statements and
  graphics.
• Disseminate information widely.
• Collaborate to provide a unified message.