Natural Gas for Transportation: Greenhouse Gas Emissions Urban Bus

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Natural Gas for TransportationGreenhouse Gas
Emissions Urban Bus
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Agenda

• Clean Energy and Natural Gas Fundamentals
• Pop Quiz and AB 32 Background (Cash Prizes!)
• The AB 32 Case for Natural Gas Vehicles (NGVs)
• Cleaner Greenhouse Gas Emissions Comparison
• Cheaper Retail Fuel Price Comparison
• American NG Domestic Reserves and Consumption
• Questions and Comments

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Clean Energy
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) and CNG
Taxis
Trucking and Drayage
Public Transit
Government Vehicles
Refuse Hauling
Shuttles
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Natural Gas Fundamentals

• Produced Primarily On-Shore in U.S.
• Methane from decaying organic matter
• Also accessible from landfills, sewage treatment
  and dairy operations
• Transported through extensive network of
  inter-/intra-state and local pipelines
• CNG Compressed Natural Gas
• Pipeline natural gas compressed to 3,600 psi
• Same natural gas we use in our homes
• On-board fuel storage based on size and weight
  requirements of vehicle
• LNG Liquefied Natural Gas
• Pipeline or production NG cooled to -260 degrees
  F
• Delivered over the road to fueling stations
• More flexible fuel storage and weight requirements

Underground gas pocket
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Pop Quiz and AB 32 Background

• Who is the third largest consumer of
  transportation fuels in the world?
• California
• Transportation contributes nearly __ of CAs GHG
  emissions
• A) 20 B) 30 C) 40
• Californias transportation sector is more than
  95 percent dependent on what single fuel source
• Petroleum
• Other Important Facts to Keep in Mind
• The U.S.A. consumes nearly 25 of the worlds
  petroleum and maintains only 2 percent of the
  worlds reserves
• OPEC controls over 65 percent of the worlds oil
  supplies
• Reducing our transportation-related CO2 emissions
  requires alternative fuels, alternative vehicles,
  new standards and advances in technology
• Source State Alternative Fuels Plan Committee
  Report, October 2007
• Source 2007 Integrated Energy Policy Report
  Executive Summary, December 5, 2007

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AB 32 California Global Warming Solutions Act of
2006 (Nunez Pavley)

• Establishes first-in-the-world comprehensive
  program of regulatory and market mechanisms to
  achieve real, quantifiable, cost-effective
  reductions of greenhouse gases (GHG).
• Air Resources Board (ARB) responsible for
  monitoring and reducing GHG emissions
• Among Other Things, Requires ARB to
• Establish a statewide GHG emissions cap for 2020,
  based on 1990 emissions
• Adopt mandatory reporting rules for significant
  sources of greenhouse gases
• Adopt a plan by January 1, 2009 indicating how
  emission reductions will be achieved from
  significant GHG sources
• Adopt regulations by January 1, 2011 to achieve
  the maximum technologically feasible and
  cost-effective reductions in GHGs.
• California Air Resources Board AB 32 Fact Sheet,
  September 25, 2006

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Natural Gas Vehicles Support Goals of AB 32
Cleaner
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NGVs Produce Significantly Less Emissions
Greenhouse Gases

• Up to
• 23 reduction compared to diesel
• 30 reduction compared to gasoline

O
C
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Source Tiax LLC Full Fuel Cycle Assessment
Well to Wheels Energy Inputs, Emissions, and
Water Impacts prepared for the California Energy
Commission
Source South Coast Air Quality Management
District 2007 Air Quality Management Plan Summit
Panel
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Full Fuel Cycle Analysis Well to Wheels (WTW)
Source Tiax LLC
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Urban Bus WTW CO2 Analysis Assumptions
Source Tiax LLC
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Urban Bus WTW CO2 Analysis

• Tank to wheels (TTW) quantifies actual vehicle
  emissions
• Well to tank (WTT) quantifies energy use and
  emissions from feedstock production, processing,
  fuel production and fuel delivery
• Combining TTW and WTT provides a well to wheels
  (WTW) analysis

Source Tiax LLC
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Retail Fuel Price Comparison Sep. 29, 2008
April 2, 2008
On A Diesel Gallon Equivalent (DGE) Basis
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Large, Domestically Available Supply of NG
Natural Gas

• 80-120 years or more of domestic reserves
• Bio-methane not included
• Less than .06 used for transportation in U.S.
• 130,000 NGVs on road in U.S. today
• 10 million NGVs would use lt 5 of our NG
• Immediate impact on foreign oil dependence
• U.S. imports over 60 of its oil at a cost of
  hundreds of billions of dollars a year

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Thank You
Derek D. Turbide Account Manager (619)
651-7031 dturbide_at_cleanenergyfuels.com