Totara Valley Distributed Generation Project

1
Totara Valley Distributed Generation Project

• WindTurbine
• Microhydro
• Solar PV
• Biodiesel Generator
• Heatpump/Solar hotwater

2
(No Transcript)
3
Totara Stream
4
Why choose Totara Valley?

• A typical semi-isolated rural community
• Abundance of Renewable Energy Resources
• Well studied community in terms of Energy
  Requirements and patterns of consumption
• End of an existing 11kV supply line
• Very Supportive Landowners
• Reasonably close to Massey

5
Why Distributed Generation?

• Small scale embedded electricity generation has
  several inherent advantages
• Better utilisation of small scale Renewable
  Energy Resources
• Generators located closer to consumers
• Economics better than SAPS
• Grid provides an economic form of Energy
  Storage
• Reduced Line losses
• Improved Power quality and reliability of supply
• Possible deferment of supply line upgrade
• Advantages to other consumers on the grid
• Advantages to lines companys and other generators

6
(No Transcript)
7
(No Transcript)
8
(No Transcript)
9
Basic Load Profile

• Average Daily load 170 kWhr/day
• Equivalent average 28 kWhr/day per house
• Average fluctuations /- 20 kWhr/day
• Peak Power consumption (community) 25kW
  (collected data)
• Other Factors
• Electric hotwater heating
• Woodstoves for space heating
• Poorly insulated houses

10
Potential for Reduced Energy/Power Demand

• Assumptions of Total Reduction
  Potential Energy Saving
• Hotwater load 35 75 44 kWhr/day
• Lighting load 30 80 41 kWhr/day
• Cooking/Refrig 5 50 4 kWhr/day
• TOTAL 89 kWhr/day
• Potentially, average daily electrical energy
  consumption could be easily reduced from 170 kWhr
  to 81 kWhr
• What about Peak Power Requirements? (currently 25
  kW)
• ? reduced to 10kW peak power

11
Annualised Capital Cost of Generation

• Capital Lifetime Annualised
• Solar PV -30kW 265,000 20yr 21,200
• Wind 20kW 170,000 20yr 13,600
• Hydro 3.5 kW 60,000 20yr 4,800
• Diesel Genset
• 20kW 47,000 10yr 6088
  
• 14,500(fuel)
• Compare to Grid Purchase 6,200 (_at_ 21c
  effective/kWh)
• Required PV Panel area 81 kWhr/0.46kWhr/m2/day
  176m2
• Does not include cost of diesel backup

12
Distributed Generation at TV

• Testing of Existing Generation Technologies/Power
  Distribution case study
• Logistics of installation
• Management/reliability issues
• Testing of the community acceptance
• Provide valuable information to the wider
  community
• Provide opportunities for postgraduate research
• Encourage collaboration between research groups
• Massey, IRL, Ecoinnovations, Energy
  Retailers/Suppliers

13
The Projects

• WindTurbine (Wind/Hydrogen)
• 2.2kW 24Vdc 3ph Proven
• Expect approx 20kWhr/day average
• Site situated approx 2km from nearest dwelling
• Power to be used for hydrogen production
• Buried Hydrogen Pipeline 10,000 approx
• Aerial Power Cable 60,000 approx

14
(No Transcript)
15
(No Transcript)
16
Electrolysers
IRL Christchurch has one of these.
IRL Wellington is developing one of these.
17
Wind/Hydrogen Personal

• IRL Christchurch
• Steve Broome
• Alister Gardiner
• Eoin McPherson
• Massey University
• Peter Sudol MSc Student
• System Analysis of wind/hydrogen setup
• Attilio Pigneri
• Ralph Sims

18
Micro-hydro

• NZ designed/manufactured Pelton Turbine
• Ecoinnovations, New Plymouth
• Generator based on Fisher/Paykel Washing Machine
  Servo Motor
• Inexpensive off-the-shelf componentry
• A 1400W turbine retails at approx 1000
• Plastic Buckets/Low cost Bearings designed to be
  replaced on a regular basis

19
(No Transcript)
20
(No Transcript)
21
(No Transcript)
22
(No Transcript)
23
(No Transcript)
24
(No Transcript)
25
(No Transcript)
26
(No Transcript)
27
(No Transcript)
28
(No Transcript)
29
(No Transcript)
30
(No Transcript)
31
(No Transcript)
32
(No Transcript)
33
(No Transcript)
34
Micro-hydro Personal

• Dave Donelly MSc Student
• Michael Lawley ecoinnovations
• Steve Broome, Eion MacPherson, Alister Gardiner
  IRL
• Bram Derks, Christoph Rau intern students
• Ralph Sims