University Lucian Blaga Sibiu IPCTE research centre Department of Ancient and Medieval History

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LLP-LDV/TOI/07/IT/016
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University Lucian Blaga SibiuIPCTE research
centreDepartment of Ancient and Medieval History

•  
• F-M U. S. EU. M.
• (Form Multimedia System for a European Museum)

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• University Lucian Blaga Sibiu, IPCTE research
  centre is partner in this project and it taking
  care of two beneficiaries museums from the area
  of Transylvania
• Brukenthal National Museum Sibiu
• The Deva Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilization

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IPCTE Background

• The IPCTE is a research centre focused on the
  accessibility of the Transylvanian patrimony. In
  this moment we have more ongoing projects
  financed by Romanian Research Agencies and our
  University.
• Our web site is one of the well ranked site in
  Romanian cultural sector. Most of the information
  are available in Romanian and English languages.

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• We have a dedicated area for our archaeological
  sites around Transylvania, with all the work we
  have done.

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• A special area is related to our scientific
  journal Acta Terrae Septemcastrensis, with the
  on-line version of the printed journal.

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• We have one of the biggest on line library from
  Romania about patrimony, with more than 30 books
  available in pdf and html formats. (repositories,
  sites reports e.g.)

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• Another area is dedicated to the symposiums we
  organized.

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• Other projects are available on line, like
  virtual reconstructions of Neolithic and Medieval
  environments.

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• Or about the repository of the radiocarbon data
  from Romania and nearby areas from Paleolithic to
  the Eneolithic times. We have a data base with
  more than 800 records.

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Brukenthal National Museum Website

• It is an working website. http//www.brukenthalmus
  eum.ro/en
• Each department is having a section with
  descriptions, contacts and some on line
  materials.
• They have inside museum, touch screens with more
  digitalized materials.
• Available in Romanian, English and Deutsch
  languages.

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The Deva Museum of Dacian and Roman
Civilisation

• No official website. A website about museum is
  available at http//museum.worldwidesam.net/
• No official control on this version.
• Last update is July 2005
• It is necessary to build a new one.

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Was opened to the public in 1817. - is the third
museum ever founded in Europe - is the first
museum in Romania that worked and still works
today
Named after its founder, Samuel von Brukenthal,
Governor of Transylvania between 1777-1787, who
built the impressive Baroque Palace that shelters
the main collections.
The value, diversity and importance of the
collections, recommend the museum as an
institution of European prestige.
The museum participates in many International
Cultural Projects.

• It is in fact a complex of three museums which,
  without being separated administratively
  speaking, have different locations and their own
  cultural programs.

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The structure of the Brukenthal National Museum

• The museum has in his subordination 8 buildings,
  5 of them being palaces built in different
  periods. The oldest building is the one that
  houses the History Museum, built in the 14th
  century and the newest building dates from 1901.

The Brukenthal Palace and The Blue House
The History Museum
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The Pharmacy Museum
The Natural History Museum
The Hunting Museum August von Spiess
House, Piata Mica, nr. 22
The Contemporary Art Gallery
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• The European Art Gallery is located in the
  Brukenthal Palace. The collection of paintings
  had been acquired by the baron von Brukenthal
  from Vienna after 1750. They illustrate the main
  European painting schools Flemish-Dutch (456
  pieces), Italian (200), German-Austrian (450),
  French and Spanish (20) of the 15th-18th
  centuries.
• The names of the artists in the museums
  collections range from Antonello da Messina,
  Lorenzo Lotto, Alessandro Magnasco, Albrecht
  Dürer, Rubens, Botticeli to Jan van Dyck and
  Titian.

The Brukenthal Palace built from 1778 to 1788
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• The Printroom, being founded by Baron Samuel
  von Brukenthal is considered to be the oldest in
  Romania. It owns more than 12,000 items of the
  16th-18th centuries European engravings, as well
  as Romanian modern and contemporary art. Albrecht
  Dürer, Marcantonio Raimondi, Hendrick Goltzius,
  Agostino Carracci, J. Callot, G. Tiepolo,
  Piranesi are worth being mentioned.

Albrecht DÜRER St.Eustachius

• The Decorative Art Collection is representative
  for the history of Transylvania and Central
  Europe as many objects were achieved in
  Transylvanian guilds centers. It sums up more
  than 600 exhibits furniture (about 200),
  medieval tin and silver objects (61), canonical
  made in Italy in the 14th-15th centuries (20),
  the Far East decorative arts (120) and the most
  important collection of medieval carpets in
  Romania (61).

HERMANN, Melchior A virgins cup
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The Romanian Art Gallery

• The Transylvanian Painting Collection, one of the
  most significant of its kind in the country,
  includes a great number of portraits from the
  16th to the 18th century, important especially
  from a historical and documentary point of view
• The Collection of Modern and Contemporary Art
  contains the works of Nicolae Grigorescu, the
  initiator of modern Romanian painting, Theodor
  Pallady, considered to be the most important
  painter from between the two World Wars, Hans
  Mattis Teutsch, the first abstract painter,
  Corneliu Baba and Alexandru Ciucurencu, the
  initiators of the Romanian contemporary school of
  painting.

Misu Popp The girl in blue
Arthur Coulin Countrywomen from Transylvania
Ion Andreescu Path in a Forest
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Brukenthal Library

• The total number of volumes reach approximately
  300,000 of which 442 titles represent incunabula
  grouped together in 382 volumes.
• examples from the manuscript collection
• - Brukenthal Breviarium (purchased in 1786 in
  Vienna)
• - Vigiliale, manuscript on parchment from the
  year 1507 from Sura Mare, Sibiu district.
• the incunabula Toma de Aquino, Opus praeclarum
  quarti scripti, Mainz 1469 Breviarum croaticum,
  1493 Petrarca, Triomphi, 1488 Schedel's
  Chronicles (2,000 illustrations engraved in
  wood), Nuremberg, 1493 De mirabilibus mundi by
  Solinus C. Iulius, printed in Venice in 1488
  Strabo's Geografia, Rome, 1473 Natural History
  by Piliniu the Old, Venice, 1498 etc.

Virgiliale
Brukenthal Breviarium
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The Natural History Museum was founded by The
Transylvanian Society of Natural Sciences
(Sieben-bürgischer Verein für Naturwiessenschaf-te
n), in 1849. The immense archives of science are
the result of research started at the middle of
the 19th century by a number of native and
foreign scientists and nature lovers grouped
around that society. Collections over 1,000,000
pieces the botanical collection (168,000),
zoology (22,500), mineralogy (12,000),
petrography (7,000), entomology (266,000),
malacology (510,000), palaeontology (57,000),
ornithology (5,000)
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• The Pharmacy Museum was inaugurated in 1972 and
  functions in an ancient building which dates back
  to 1568, an architectural monument of Gothic and
  Renaissance overtones. The first chemists shop
  ever attested in the lands functioned here in
  1494.
• The collections of the museum exceed 6,600 pieces
  (16th - 19th centuries) which are proofs of
  pharmaceutical techniques and of medicine in the
  Romanian lands. The homoeopathic collection sums
  up 2,900 pieces.

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The Hunting Trophies Museum The permanent hunting
exhibition was reorganised in 1981 in a modern
display in the Spiess House. The exhibition
recreates the evolution of the hunting arms from
ancient times and it emphasises the valuable
trophies to be found in Romania, which were
awarded in Romania and abroad. The collection
includes over 1,500 native and exotic pieces.
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The Contemporary Art Galleries are located into a
building constructed in 1901 and renovated in
2006. Different contemporary artists from Romania
or other countries exhibit here every year. Until
now we hosted exhibitions from Austria, Belgium,
France, Germany, Holland, Italy, Israel,
Luxembourg, Romania, Switzerland.
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The edifice that houses The History Museum is a
representative monument in Gothic style its
nucleus was the dwelling of the mayor Thomas
Altemberger, constructed at the end of the 15th
century. It is the greatest Gothic civil
construction in Transylvania. In 1549, it was
turned into a town hall and functioned as such
until 1948.
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Collections numismatics (60,000 antique Greek
and Roman, medieval Hungarian, Transylvanian,
German coins), archaeology (39,000 exhibits and
82,000 fragments of archaeological items),
decorative arts and guild objects (about 14,000
items), arms (1,900), documentary graphic arts
(33,000).
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The Museum of History The Numismatic Collection
The numismatic collection of the Brukenthal
Museum holds almost 60,000 coins and medals.
Along two centuries the collection was enriched
with coins issued in every historic period, which
were discovered in Transylvania or brought from
other geographical areas and donated to the
museum, so that at present our storehouse holds
isolated gold, silver and bronze coins and
ancient Dacian, republican or imperial Roman
hoards. At the same time we hold series of modern
and medieval coins, among which an important
place is held by the gold and silver issues of
Transylvanian princes. The collection includes
also several hoards composed of medieval and
modern token coins issued in Eastern and Central
Europe.
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The Museum of History The Collection of
Archaeology
The museum is having in its warehouses 39,000
archaeologic museum pieces and further 82,000
fragments of pieces. There are ongoing
excavations at Miercurea Sibiului, Valea Viilor,
Tilisca and Cheile Turzii who are providing each
year more artefacts from Paleolithic through
Neolithic, Eneolithic and Bronz age till Dacian
epoch.
Hand axe, bifacial. Middle Paleolithic,
Mousterian Culture.
Hand axe, unifacial. Inferior Paleolithic,
Pebble Culture.
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The Museum of History The Collection of
Archaeology
Starcevo-Cris Culture -Anthropomorphic idol.
Starcevo Cris - idols in Habitat exhibition.
Starcevo-Cris Culture Small shrine from burned
clay.
Starcevo-Cris Culture Burned clay zoomorphic
idol.
Starcevo-Cris Culture Bucranium.
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Starcevo-Cris Culture pit house reconstruction,
With pottery and tools.
Flint blades .
Starcevo-Cris Culture Stone axe, polished.
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The Museum of History The Collection of
Archaeology
Starcevo-Cris Culture four leg shrine.
Starcevo-Cris Culture bowls.
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Anthropomorphic idols , Vinca Culture, Miercurea
Sibiului.
Vessel lids.
House model, on a pottery bail.
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Pottery, Vinca Culture, Miercurea Sibiului.
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Vinca Culture House reconstruction with pottery,
axes, grinder, mill stone and clay weights, bone
tools, obsidian and flint blades.
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Petresti Culture - Anthropomorphic and
zoomorphic idols.
Shrine clay model.
Petresti Culture Pianu de Jos ritual shrine
reconstruction with original pottery.
House clay model.
Chair clay model.
Tools (stone axe and bone tools).
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Cotofeni culture, idol, pottery and bones.
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Cooper axe -adze (Jaszladany, Sincai branch).
Cooper axe-hammer (Plocnik).
Cooper chisel gab.
Bronze sickle .
Bronze discus axe.
Bronze sword.
Celt .
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Bronze objects from a Depozit. The bronze
deposits are all over Transylvania. The image
is from museum reconstruction, the moment of
discovery.
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Noua Culture Grave from Valea Viilor, Sibiu
County.
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Dacian pottery from Tilisca.
Dacian iron tools and weapons from Tilisca.
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Dacian objects from Tilisca cremation grave.
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Roman pottery and tools. (Materials displayed in
a Villa rustica reconstituted in the museum).
Roman building materials.
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Tin vessels from XVII century and beginning of
the XVIII century.
Glass vessels from XVII century and beginning of
the XVIII century.
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Glass shape form from Porumbacu de Sus.
Glass finery.
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We have almost 2000 artefacts belonging to the
guilds, brotherhoods and medieval journeymen from
XIV XIX centuries.
Painted table (XVII century).
Jewel objects.
Worship objects.
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The Treasury is formed and enriched itself
through donations and acquisitions from the
Evangelic churches, guilds and citizens, jewelers
and antiquaries and through discoveries. The
silverwork collection comprises over 1000 pieces,
as followsgt 120 liturgical works (chalices,
ciboriums, hrismatoriums, altar crosses e.g.),
100 profane silverworks (goblets, guild or
neighborhood beakers e.g..), 655 ornaments and
jewels (belt buckels, buckels, pocket watches,
rings, hair pins, buttons eg.) and over 200
tableware pieces. This collection is one of the
richest from Romania and most of the pieces were
executed by the goldsmiths from Sibiu
Frankenstein Cup of rhinoceros horn. XVII th
century. Evangelic Church Sibiu.
Jewel objects. .
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Ciborium Evangelic Church Merghindeal, end of
the XIV th century. Transylvanian workshop.
Chalice Evangelic Church Cisnadie, second half
of the XIV th century.
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Women suit XVIII century.
Women suit XIX century.
Suits accessories, XVIII-XIX centuries.
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We have a large collection of weapons and armors
with european and oriental objects.
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The roman lapidarium collections held dozens of
pieces.
Jupiter Tronans, century II A.D.
Hecate Triformis, centuries I-II A.D. (Salinae)
Tauroctonia, century II A.D. Apulum.
Funerary medallion, century II A.D. Apoldu de Sus.
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The Medieval Lapidarium is having a lot of
pieces, mostly of them from the Sibiu town and
cemeteries.
Daniel and the lions. XVII th century. Fri\om the
House with the lions (demolished).
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The Deva Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilisation

• -Founded in 1882
• The main location is in the Magna Curia building,
  dating from Renaissance and remodeled in the
  XVIII th century.
• Here are the offices, laboratories and the main
  exhibition. Unfortunately for more than a decade
  the building is in restoration process and the
  exhibitions are closed. There are other small
  branches around Deva town.

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The Deva Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilisation
Local History and Folk Museum Brad A new
building from sixties with archaeological
collections, ethnographical and local history
from Zarand and Apuseni Mountains. In this
moment the exhibitions are in restoration
process.

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The Deva Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilisation
Ethnographical and folk art museum from Orastie
Archeological materials from Orastie area and
ethnographical collection (tools textiles,
pottery, folk suits, Icons on wood or glass e.g.
).

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The Deva Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilisation
Aurel Vlaicu Memorial Museum Is dedicated to
the life of the Romanian inventor (airplanes).

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The Deva Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilisation
Archaeological Museum Sarmizegetusa -
Sarmizegetusa was the capital of Roman Dacia.
Colonia Ulpia Traiana Augusta Dacica
Sarmizegetusa Capitala Daciei was founded by
Emperor Traian. Inside the museum we can found a
rich collection of roman archaeology (pottery,
weapons, tools, epigraphic monuments, numismatic
e.g.). In the nearby are the open air roman city
can be seen (The Forum, Amphitheatre, Liber Pater
Temple, Aesculap Temple e.g.)

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The Deva Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilisation
Memorial House Crisan The building is a
reconstruction house and is having materials
about the peasants revolt from 1784-1785. In the
same time ethnographic materials are exhibited
here.

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The Deva Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilisation
Memorial House Avram Iancu from Baia de
Cris Local history related to the activity of
the leaders of Romanians in the 1848 revolution.

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The Deva Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilisation
So, we are nearby the main centre of Dacian
civilization and Roman administrative centre. Our
collections are starting with the paleolithic
tools, with Neolithic artifacts from Mures
Valley, Bronze Age and a lot of Dacian and Roman
objects. The Romanian folk art is very well
represented too.

Aureus (gold), 69-71 A.D. Vespasianus
Aureus (gold), 55-63 A.D. Nero
Stater (gold), Sec. I B.C.. Lisimah
We have one of the richest collection of coins
from Romania
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The Deva Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilisation

Gulden (gold), 1468-1470 A.D. , Matei Corvin
Solidus (gold), 539-540, Justinian I
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The Deva Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilisation

Very rare objects, KOSON, type II, 43-29 B.C..
(?)
Very rare objects, KOSON, type I, 43-29 B.C.. (?)

Dacian coin, silver, type Radulesti -Hunedoara
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The Deva Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilisation

Gold Plaques, Germisara, II-III A.D.
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The Deva Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilisation
1. Bronz case 2. good
1. Tipar pentru turnat verigi 2. Foarte buna 3.
Dimensinea verigilor D ext 2,1x1,7x2 cm, D
int 1,1x0,9x1,1 cm 4. Confectionat din lut,
având culoare caramizie. Cu acest tipar se
puteau turna trei verigi 5. Sfârsitul sec. I
a.Chr. începutul sec. II p.Chr. 6. Banita 7.
MCDR, Deva 8. 22 925 9. A. Rustoiu, Un atelier de
prelucrare a bronzului din cetatea dacica de la
Banita (jud. Hunedoara), în Ephemeris Napocensis,
II, 1992, p. 50, fig. 2, 8. Tezaure de argint
dacice, Bucuresti, 1976 p. 17, fig. 2 A.
Rustoiu , Metalurgia bronzului la daci,
Bucuresti, 1996, fig 16, 3

3. D gurii 16 cm, L toarta 13 cm, H 9 cm 4. 5.
Sec. I p.Chr. 6. Orastie Mountains 7. MCDR,
Deva 8. C21 9. Inedit
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The Deva Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilisation
1. Bracelet 2. good 3. D ext 6,6 cm, D int 5,2
cm

4. Silver , Confectionata din tabla argint,
prin ciocanire, pe un miez de rasina sau
smoala si a fost îndoita, astfel încât corpul
bratarii a primit o forma tubulara. În zona
mediana corpul este trapezoidal în sectiune.
Capetele bratarii sunt trompetiforme si au fost
astupate cu câte o placuta de argint.
Ornamentarea extremitatilor consta în doua
perechi de proeminente realizate în relief.
Aceste proeminente sunt decorate la rândul lor cu
linii incizate. Aceleasi linii incizate.
Aceleasi linii incizate, dispuse în zig-zag si
marginite de alte linii si puncte, se întâlnesc
si pe capetele bratarii 5.I B.C. 6. Banita 7.
MCDR, Deva 8. 13992
1. Bowl 2. Well 3. D gurii 18 cm, H 34 cm 4.
Lucrat la roata, pasta caramizie, fund inelar,
corpul este bombat în partea inferioara, se
îngusteaza treptat spre gura 5. Sec. I p.Chr. 6.
Costesti 7. MCDR, Deva 8. 22974
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The Deva Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilisation
1. Rake 2well 3. L 38 cm 4. Se mai pastreaza
cinci din cei sase dinti 5. Sec. I a.Chr. I
p.Chr. 6. Muntii Orastiei 7. MCDR, Deva 8.
26452 9. Inedit

1. Scythe 2. well 3. L 55 cm 4. Curbura lamei e
putin accentuata, corpul piesei se curbeaza
mult înaintea limbii de fixare, care este
prevazuta în partea superioara cu un orificiu si
cu un cârlig 5. I A.D.. 6. Gradistea
Muncelului 7. MCDR, Deva 8. 26451
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The Deva Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilisation

1. Bronze wash-bowl 2. bad 3. D gurii 31,7 cm,
H 8,5 cm 4. 5..I A.D. 6. Orastie Mountains 7.
MCDR, Deva 8. C19
1. Bracket 2. good 3. H max 5 cm, l 3,5 cm 4.
lronze 5. Sec. I a.Chr. - I p.Chr. Sureanu
Mountains 7. MCDR, Deva 8. C100 9. Inedit
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The Deva Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilisation
1. Goldsmith hammer 2. well
1. Yoke ring 2. well 3. H 6,3 cm 4. Din bronz,
de forma unei verigi aproximativ ovale, fixata de
o placa decorata prin intermediul unui  gât 
ornamentat. 5. Sec. I a.Chr. I p.Chr. 6. Piatra
Rosie 7. MCDR, Deva 8. C32

3. L 8,9 cm 4. Are doua brate, unul rotund în
sectiune, celalalt se lateste progresiv, astfel
încât capatul este aplatizat. În zona orificiului
de înmanusare circular, corpul piesei se
îngroasa 5. Sec. I a.Chr. I p.Chr. 6. Piatra
Rosie 7. MCDR, Deva
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The Deva Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilisation

Batiz faience XIX century