INSPIRE Directive of the European Parliament and the Council establishing an Infrastructure for Spat

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INSPIREDirective of the European Parliament and
the Council establishing an Infrastructure for
Spatial Information in the European
Communityand Land-Marine SDIIHO-Workshop on
Marine SDI, La Habana, Cuba
Keith Murray Data Specifications Drafting Team
President, EuroSDR 2004-6 Chair Commission 3.2
FIG 2002-2006 Ordnance Survey, United Kingdom
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Bringing data and services together through a
Spatial Data Infrastructure
Data and services easily discoverable and
accessible to users
Easier development of new applications and
services
Like a road infrastructure makes it possible to
connect different places, a spatial data
infrastructure makes it possible to connect data
and services located at different sources
Components
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Why INSPIRE? Increasing number of
environmental policies that have a strong
spatial dimension

• Marine thematic strategy
• Thematic strategy on natural resources and on
  recycling
• New soil monitoring system
• Revision of SEVESO Directives on hazardous
  substances
• Proposal for Directive on control of pipelines
• Integrated Coastal Zone Management
• The revised forest monitoring regulation
• Noise Directive
• Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC)
• European Action programme on flood risk
  management

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Example Proposed Directive on the Assessment
and Management of Floods (2006)

• In the period 1998-2002 floods comprised 43 of
  all disaster events in Europe
• 100 major floods
• 700 dead
• Half a million displaced people
• 25 billion uninsured economic loss
• Along the Rhine, 10 m people live in areas liable
  to extreme flooding, potential damage estimated
  at 165 bn.
• 101,000 kms of coastline, population doubled in
  last 50 years. Assets within 500 m of coast
  500-1000 bn

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Agreement that a common strategy is needed
70 of all fresh water bodies in Europe are part
of a trans-boundary river basin !! Risk
assessment is compounded by problems related to
quality of land use data, protected areas, etc.
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Past approaches have limitations

• CORINE Coordination of Information on the
  Environment - 85/338/EEC Council Decision
  27/6/1985
• Experimental project for gathering, coordinating
  and ensuring the consistency of information on
  the state of the environment and natural
  resources in the Community
• Problems
• Variable data access policy
• Lack of consistency with other data
• Irregular updating
• No long term perspective
• Lack of quality/reliability
• Lack of synchronization with other MS data

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NATURA 2000

• Directive 92/43/EEC and 97/62/EEC on the
  conservation of natural habitats and of wild
  fauna and flora
• SCI (Sites of community importance)
• SAC (Special Areas of Conservation)
• Directive 78/409/EEC on the conservation of wild
  birds
• SPA (Special Protection Areas)

Natura 2000 22.500 areas, 12-15 of the EU15
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What are the problems? Different quality
anddifferent types of attribute information

• Data compiled by Member States
• Paper map / site
• Descriptive database
• Digital Spatial data
• Data are validated and integrated by DG ENV
• Data sources
• In general 1/100.000, on topographic maps
• Exceptionally 1/250.000 (very large sites)
• Often 1/25.000 1/1.500 (cadastre)

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Natura2000 Data harmonisation problems
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Data utilization problems

• Natura2000 Typical Questions
• In which administrative region is the site?
• Major roads running through the area?
• Variation of altitude and slope?
• Location of nearest villages and cities?
• How are the land cover and land use distributed?
• Where are potentially polluting nucleus
  situated?
• Is there an area eligible for Community funding?

Only data of poor quality are available to answer
those questions.
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But good local dataalready exist and
areaccessible !
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In Summary

• Environmental Needs
• Better information needed to support policies
  6EAP
• Improvement of existing information flows
• Diversity across regions to be considered
• Revision of approach to reporting and monitoring,
  moving to concept of sharing of information

• Situation in Europe
• Data policy restrictions
• Lack of co-ordination across borders and between
  levels of government
• Lack of standards incompatible information and
  information systems
• Existing data not re-usable fragmentation of
  information, redundancy, inability to integrate

• Environmental data
• 90 of is linked to geography
• Out of 58 data components needed for
  environmental policy
• 32 are multi-sectoral
• 16 are environmental only
• 10 are related to other sectors
• These 32 components allow to
• link different ENV themes together policy
  coherence
• link with other sectors integration
• source EEA

EC Proposal for a Directive establishing an
infrastructure for spatial information in the
Community INSPIRE
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INSPIRE Directive General Provisions

• INSPIRE lays down general rules to establish an
  infrastructure for spatial information in Europe
  for the purposes of Community environmental
  policies and policies or activities which may
  have an impact on the environment.
• This infrastructure shall build upon
  infrastructures for spatial information
  established and operated by the Member States.
• INSPIRE does not require collection of new
  spatial data electronic format
• INSPIRE does not affect Intellectual Property
  Rights

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INSPIRE COMPONENTS

• METADATA
• INTEROPERABILITY OF SPATIAL DATA SETS AND
  SERVICES
• NETWORK SERVICES
• DATA SHARING (policy)
• COORDINATION AND COMPLEMENTARY MEASURES
  Monitoring Reporting
• INSPIRE is a Framework Directive
• Detailed technical provisions for the issues
  above will be laid down in Implementing Rules
  (IR)

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What Kind of Spatial Data ?

• Whose ? - Spatial data held by or on behalf of a
  public authority operating down to the lowest
  level of government when laws or regulations
  require their collection or dissemination
• Which data ? - INSPIRE covers 34 Spatial Data
  Themes laid down in 3 Annexes (required to
  successfully build environmental information
  systems)

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INSPIRE Spatial Data Scope

• Annex I
• Coordinate reference systems
• Geographical grid systems
• Geographical names
• Administrative units
• Addresses
• Cadastral parcels
• Transport networks
• Hydrography
• Protected sites

• Annex II
• Elevation
• Land cover
• Ortho-imagery
• Geology

Harmonised spatial data specifications more
stringent for Annex I and II than for Annex III
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INSPIRE Thematic Scope

• Annex III
• Statistical units
• Buildings
• Soil
• Land use
• Human health and safety
• Utility and governmental services
• Environmental monitoring facilities
• Production and industrial facilities
• Agricultural and aquaculture facilities
• Population distribution demography

• Area management/restriction/regulation zones
  reporting units
• Natural risk zones
• Atmospheric conditions
• Meteorological geographical features
• Oceanographic geographical features
• Sea regions
• Bio-geographical regions
• Habitats and biotopes
• Species distribution
• Energy Resources
• Mineral resources

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Why are all these themes needed ?- Just another
example ....
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INSPIRE Data Sharing Policy

• Member States shall adopt measures for the
  sharing of data and services between public
  authorities for public tasks relating to the
  environment without restrictions occurring at the
  point of use.
• Public authorities may charge, license each other
  and Community institutions provided this does not
  create an obstacle to sharing.
• When spatial data or services are provided to
  Community institutions for reporting obligations
  under Community law relating to the environment
  then this will not be subject to charging.

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From Commission proposal to Community Directive
implementation

• Preparatory phase (2004-2006)
• Co-decision procedure
• Preparation of Implementing Rules
• Transposition phase (2007-2008)
• Directive enters into force
• Transposition into national legislation
• INSPIRE Committee starts its activities
• Adoption of Implementation Rules by Comitology
• Implementation phase (2009-2013)
• implementation and monitoring of measures

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Metadata

• Member States shall create metadata and keep them
  up to date
• Metadata shall include
• Conformity with IR on interoperability
• Conditions for access and use
• Quality and validity
• The public authorities responsible
• Limitations on public access
• Once Implementing Rules adopted
• Created within 2 years for Annex I, II
• Created within 5 years for Annex III

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Interoperability of spatial data sets and
services (1)

• Implementing Rules shall be adopted for
  interoperability and where practical for
  harmonisation of spatial data sets and services
• Based on relevant user requirements
• Integrate existing international standards, if
  appropriate
• Feasible, proportionate, cost-benefit into
  account (Member States shall provide information
  on request)
• Member States shall once IR adopted
• Make services and new data conform within 2 years
• Make other spatial data still in use conform (can
  be done through transformation service) within 7
  years
• Stakeholders shall be given opportunity to
  participate in development of this Implementing
  Rule

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Interoperability of spatial data sets and
services (2)

• Harmonised data specifications
• Annex I, II, III
• definition and classification of spatial objects
• geo-referencing
• Annex I, II
• common framework of unique identifiers for
  spatial objects
• relationship between spatial objects
• key attributes and corresponding multilingual
  thesauri
• Information on the temporal dimension of the
  data
• how to exchange updates of the data.
• 3rd parties shall have access to these
  specifications at conditions not restricting
  their use
• Cross-border issues shall be agreed on

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Process to define the themes
Follows methodology
D2.6 Methodology for Data Specification
Adheres to model
Data theme specifications
D2.5 Generic Conceptual Model
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Network Services

• Member States shall operate a network of the
  following services available to the public for
  data sets and services for which metadata has
  been created
• Discovery services No charge
• View services No charge (exceptions)
• Download services
• Transformation services,
• Services allowing spatial data services to be
  invoked
• - Access to services may be restricted
• - Services shall be available on request to 3rd
  parties under conditions
• - Implementing Rules will be adopted
  (cost-benefit considerations)
• - INSPIRE GEO portal shall be established
  Member States geo-portals

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INSPIRE Roadmap (1/3)
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INSPIRE Roadmap (2/3)
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INSPIRE Roadmap (3/3)
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Implementing INSPIRE

• Needs to consider the broader context of existing
  initiatives which could contribute
• Interfaces with initiatives GMES, GEO/GEOSS,
  GALILEO, global developments of spatial data
  infrastructures
• Bottom-up implementation by Spatial Data Interest
  Communities, SDIC
• SDIC bundle the human expertise of users,
  producers and transformers of spatial
  information, technical competence, financial
  resources and policies. Many SDIC exist today,
  generally organised by region, thematic issue or
  sector (industry).

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INSPIRE process 2005-2009
Commission Services co-ordinate
EC adopts
INSPIRE Expert Group advises
INSPIRECommitteevotes
Review
Implementing Rules
Draft Implementing Rules
Formal Internet Consultation
Existing Reference Material
Call for Interest
Consolidation Team
Drafting Teams
LMOsreview
Spatial Data Interest Communities participate
Association phase
Drafting phase
Review phase
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The role of SDIC Spatial Data Interest
Communities

• To collect and describe user requirements,
• To submit/develop reference materials
• To allocate experts to the drafting teams,
• To participate in the review process,
• To implement pilot projects
• to test/revise/develop the draft Implementing
  Rules,
• To contribute to cost/benefit analysis
• to assess costs of the draft Implementing Rules,
• To contribute to awareness raising and training

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The role of Legally Mandated Organisations (LMO)

• To collaborate within the SDICs, or autonomously
  in providing technical specifications
• To help identify user needs
• To contribute to the analysis of the technical
  and operational feasibility of implementation of
  proposed draft Implementing Rules
• To provide feedback on the cost/benefit
  consequences of Implementing Rules at Member
  State level.

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Results of the call for ExpertsOpened on 1 March
2005Experts registered per country
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The role of Drafting Teams (DT)

• To analyse and review the reference material
• To write draft INSPIRE Implementing Rules
• To provide recommendations to the Consolidation
  Team, CT (EC) - in case of conflicting technical
  specifications
• To provide suggestions to the CT for testing any
  proposed specification

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The role of projects, pilots and prototypes

• To develop representative use-case scenarios
• To develop/test specifications for IR development
• To demonstrate the feasibility and advantages of
  interoperability-based solutions
• To acquire experience in implementing
  interoperability-based solutions
• To determine cost and benefit of interoperability
  based solutions on the basis of real cases

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Example of participative process in IR
development

• Call for experts March 2005
• Drafting Teams established in October 2005
• Draft IR for Metadata published on 2nd Feb. 2007
  based on requirement of Directive, review of
  existing material submitted by SDICS and LMOs,
  international standards, and drafting team
  knowledge.
• Open for comments by SDICs and LMOs over an 8
  week period
• Revised Draft to be published in the Summer 2007
• Open for public consultation for an 8 week period
• Commission develops its proposal based on all
  input received and submits to Regulatory
  Committee

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Conclusions

• INSPIRE is a framework Directive with top-down
  Implementing Rules developed
• But
• Bottom-up development of Implementing Rules
  through stakeholder participation - the Spatial
  Data Interest Communities
• Open and transparent drafting and review of
  Implementing Rules
• Pilots and Projects play a key role to define and
  validate the Implementing Rules
• INSPIRE is a pillar of GMES
• INSPIRE is a major EU contribution to GEO/GEOSS

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The Land - Marine SDI
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The real world
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The mapping solution

• NMAs and HOs generally use
• Different coordinate systems
• Different projections
• Different datums (Hz V)
• Different content

RESULT Users cannot reference any object
consistently across the coastal zone
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A formal SDI solution
Common height datum

• Common framework to support
• Interoperable coordinate systems datums
• Interoperable objects along agreed boundary
• Interoperable Feature Catalogues

RESULT Marine SDI and Land SDI link up
seamlessly
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What progress is being made?
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What is required?

• Organisational collaboration
• Clear use case applications to guide
• An over-arching framework supporting
• Data policies
• Data access
• Data specifications (datums, feature catalogues,
  gazetteers ..)
• Standards implementation e.g. ISO
• Interoperability

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Moving forward..

• Who can make this happen?
• National
• Hydrographic organisations
• National mapping cadastral organisations
• International Organisation
• International Hydrographic Organization
• Professional organisations
• Research Organisations

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The role of IHO

• Identifying and promoting best practice
• Save wasted effort
• Leadership
• Influence members
• Support members
• Services eg registers
• Mainstream Standards
• Collaborative approach
• Communication

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REGISTRATION OPEN www.eurosdr.net
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Thank you for your attention
http//www.ec-gis.org/inspire/