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Reflection

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Roemer's Method - Determined from the eclipse of Io. ... Waves move in a straight line ... Specular - Light rays leave a smooth surface in an orderly fashion. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Reflection


1
Reflection Refraction
2
Nature of Light
  • Wave like properties
  • Reflection
  • Refraction
  • Diffraction
  • Particle like properties
  • Photoelectric Effect
  • Ultraviolet Catastrophy

3
Speed of Light
  • Roemers Method - Determined from the eclipse of
    Io.
  • Fizeaus Method - Measured by the round trip from
    a mirror.

w
4
Ray Optics
  • Waves move in a straight line in the direction of
    the rays.
  • Diffraction - Bending of light through a small
    opening.
  • At a small opening, assume each opening acts as a
    source of spherical waves.

d - opening width
5
Reflection
  • Change in direction of a wave due to striking a
    surface.
  • Specular - Light rays leave a smooth surface in
    an orderly fashion.
  • Diffuse - Light rays randomly leave a rough
    surface.

6
Reflection
  • Law of Reflection - The angle of reflection
    equals the angle of incidence.

7
Refraction
  • Change in the path of light due to a change in
    its speed.
  • When light slows down, the angle becomes smaller.

8
Inferior Mirages
  • Hot air at the surface refracts light upward
    giving a second image of a distant object.

9
Prism
  • At what angle does light leave an equilateral
    prism is the incident light is parallel with the
    base?

10
Dispersion
  • Different frequencies of light take different
    paths after refraction because the index of
    refraction is dependent on wavelength.
  • Smaller wavelengths experience a larger index of
    refraction.

11
Rainbows
  • Sunlight refracts when entering a droplet,
    reflects off the back and refracts when leaving
    the front.

Why does a rainbow have red at the top?
12
Halos
  • Shorter wavelengths of light travel slower
    through ice and, therefore, refract more than red
    light.

Going from less dense to more dense material
qi lt qr
13
HaloSim Ice Columns
  • 22 Halo
  • Sun dog
  • Sun Pillar
  • Upper tangent arc

14
Double Halo
15
Critical Angle
  • Critical Angle - Angle of incidence corresponding
    to a 90 angle of refraction.
  • At this angle and beyond you get total internal
    reflection.
  • What is the critical angle between water and air?

n2
n1
16
Brewster Angle
  • Light reflecting off a surface is partially
    polarized.
  • At the Brewster Angle the light is entirely
    polarized.

qP
n1
n2
17
Scattering of Light
  • Spectrum of light
  • White Clouds
  • Blue Skies
  • Red Sunsets
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