Ancient Indian Civilizations

1
Ancient Indian Civilizations
CHAPTER 3

• Section 1 Indus River Valley
• Section 2 Indo-Aryan Migrants
• Section 3 Hinduism and Buddhism
• Section 4 Ancient Indian Dynasties
• Section 5 Ancient Indian Life and Culture

2
Objectives
Section 1
Indus River Valley

• Examine the role geography and climate played in
  the settlement of the Indian subcontinent.
• Investigate how people in the first Indus River
  valley civilization lived.

3
The Importance of Geography and Climate
Section 1
Indus River Valley

• Physical geography Himalayas Ganges River
  Indus River
• The climate monsoons and high temperatures

4
Early Civilization in the Indus
Section 1
Indus River Valley

• River valley
• Large carefully planned cities
• Facilities for storage and distribution of
  surplus food

5
Objectives
Section 2
Indo-Aryan Migrants

• Explain how life in northern India changed with
  the coming of the Indo-Aryans.
• Identify the major contributions of the
  Indo-Aryans to ancient Indian society.

6
The Nomadic Indo-Aryans
Section 2
Indo-Aryan Migrants

• The Vedic Age
• Indo-Aryan religion from nature

7
Early Indo-Aryan Society
Section 2
Indo-Aryan Migrants

• Indo-Aryan society settled communities
  marriage was important
• The Indo-Aryan economy barter
• Southern India

8
Section 3 Objectives
Section 3
Hinduism and Buddhism

• Describe the importance of religion in ancient
  Indian society.
• Identify the principal elements of Hinduism.
• Identify the basic beliefs of Buddhism.

9
The Upanishads and the Epics
Section 3
Hinduism and Buddhism

• Upanishads written explanation of Vedic
  religion
• Upanishads come from the Brahmins
• ( priests that would perform religious ceremonies)

10

• Epics long poems based on historical or
  religious themes
• Why were the epics written Ordinary people
  could not read or write so they could not use
  the Upanishads. They listened to the epics that
  were told by the priests.
• All of the stories were combined into two major
  epics the Mahabarata and the Ramayana.
• Bhagavad Gita- Part of the Mahabarata and one of
  the most famous of Hindu scriptures. (Pg. 60)

11

• Carvings of dieties at Kanchi Puraam the temple
  in Madras India. There are millions of gods and
  goddesses in Hinduism.

12
The God Vishnu- Part of the Epic the Bhagavad Gita
13
A Changing Society
Section 3
Hinduism and Buddhism

• Caste system
• Varnas social classes

14
Hinduism
Section 3
Hinduism and Buddhism

• Hindu beliefs monism reincarnation
• Hindu religious practices yoga seasonal
  festivals

15
Buddhism
Section 3
Hinduism and Buddhism

• The Buddhas teachings reincarnation ethics
  selflessness
• The spread of Buddhism

16
Objectives
Section 4
Ancient Indian Dynasties

• Explain how the Mauryan rulers increased their
  power.
• Examine the reasons for the decline of Gupta rule.

17
Rise of the Mauryan Empire
Section 4
Ancient Indian Dynasties

• Chandragupta Maurya powerful leader
• Asoka great ruler Buddhist

18
The Gupta Rulers
Section 4
Ancient Indian Dynasties

• Less centralized rule
• Local leaders
• Invaders from Asia

19
Objectives
Section 5
Ancient Indian Life and Culture

• Describe how womens rights were limited in
  ancient Indian society.
• Identify the most important achievements of the
  Gupta period.

20
Economy and Society
Section 5
Ancient Indian Life and Culture

• Women were prohibited from owning property
• Polygyny

21
Cultural Achievements
Section 5
Ancient Indian Life and Culture

• Art and architecture
• Education Nalanda
• Mathematics and astronomy algebra quadratic
  equations
• Medicine inoculation