Concept Notes of Challenge Program on Yellow River Basin

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Concept Notes of Challenge Program on Yellow
River Basin

• Liu Xiaoyan, Director
• International cooperation and Science and
  Technology Department
• Yellow River Conservancy Commission,MWR

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Total length5,464km. Drainage area795,000km2 ave
rage annual precipitation452 mm average natural
annual runoff58 billion m3 average annual
sediment load1.6 billion ton Groundwater 11
billion m3
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Research Themes/????

• Agricultural Water Saving/????
• Ecology and environment
• ?????
• Integrated water Resources management
• ????????

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Topic One----Agricultural Water Saving/????

• Objective/????
• Improve agricultural water productivity in
  major Yellow River Irrigation Districts so that
  the agricultural economy can increase steadily
  without increasing water supply?
• ???????????????????????,??????????

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Study Areas for water saving research????
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Agricultural Water Saving--Research
Contents????(1)

• A. Crops???
• --How much water do the typical crop will consume
  in Yellow River Irrigation Districts?????????????
• -- Based on the water supply ability of Yellow
  River, which kind of crop is suitable in Yellow
  River Irrigation District???????????????
• --According to the water supply ability of River,
  what is most suitable crop structure??????????????
  ?

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Agricultural Water Saving--Research Contents(2)

• B.Water Saving Technology????
• --Which kind of technology we should choose for
  different Irrigation Districts???????????
• --How much water will be saved if we adopt the
  advanced water saving technology, and how much
  water will be needed in the future by some
  typical irrigation district??????????,???????????

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Agricultural Water Saving--Contents(3)

• C. water monitoring and water price??????
• --As an organization in charge of united water
  allocation and management, how do YRCC monitor
  the water quantity which Irrigation Districts
  draw from or drain into Yellow River?????????
• --How to monitor the water quantity drawn from
  tributary of the Yellow River?????????
• --To different irrigation district, what level do
  the irrigation water price should be at? what
  price level is acceptable for local people?
  ???????
• --How much do water price increasing could
  contribute to agriculture water
  saving?????????????

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Agricultural Water Saving--Research Contents(4)

• D.pilot water saving irrigation district??????
• We intend to choose some middle or small
  scale irrigation district as pilot district in
  order to test the research achievements of water
  saving.

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Topic Two--Ecology and environment
?????

• The objectives????
• --To put forward effective method of protecting
  and restoring the ecology and environment for
  Loess Plateau, and important river
  reaches.???????????????(?????????????),???????????
  ??????
• --To put forward the water and sediment discharge
  process which is favourable to decreasing
  sediment deposition in channel of the lower
  Yellow River.??????????????????

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Ecology and Environment--Research Contents(1)

• A.Ecologic Value degradation cost
• ????????????????
• --What are the monetary and non-monetary values
  of the goods and services provided by these
  different aquatic ecosystems?????????????????
• --How do the long-term small runoff influence the
  aquatic ecology and wetland in the estuary
  ??????????????????
• --How do the long-term small runoff influence the
  flood discharge ability of the channel of the
  lower Yellow River????????????????????

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Ecology and Environment--Research Contents(1)

• A. Ecologic Value degradation cost-(2)
• --What are the social and economic costs of the
  degradation of aquatic ecosystems in the
  heavy-and-coarse sediment yield
  area???????????????
• --What are the most appropriate tools to generate
  and spread rapidly the information
  ?????????????????????

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Ecology and Environment--Research Contents(2)

• B.the ecosystem and environment protection and
  improvement in Loess Plateau???????????????????
• --how do the environment of the heavy-and-coarse
  sediment source area evolve????????????
• --how to calculate the environmental water
  requirement of the heavy-and-coarse sediment
  source area?????????????
• --How much water do the typical measure of
  harnessing soil erosion will consume? And how
  much sediment yield do the measures can
  decrease???????????????
• --what is the appropriate way to control or
  retard the soil erosion???????????????

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Ecology and Environment--Research Contents(3)

• C.the ecosystem and environment protection and
  improvement in the channel of Yellow
  River????????????
• --How to calculate the environmental water
  requirement of the river channel in term of water
  pollution?????????????
• -- How to calculate the environmental water
  requirement of the river channel in term of
  sediment transport????????
• --How to calculate the environmental water
  requirement of the estuary in term of wetland and
  aquatic ecosystem protection?????????????

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Ecology and Environment--Research Contents(4)

• D.Pilot area for water pollution control
• ???????--???????????
• --How much sewage can Sanmenxia reservoir
  bear???????????
• --What is the maximum sewage quantity that the
  three provinces discharge into the
  reservoir?????????????
• --What is the best measure to protect the citys
  water source??????????
• --What is the appropriate policy and institute
  for controlling the water pollution?
• ????????????

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Topic Three-- Integrated Water
Resources Management ????????

• Objectives????
• Study the paths and measures to improve
  water resources management so that the goal of
  sustainable water utilization can be achieved in
  the Yellow River Basin.
• ????????????????????,?????????????

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Integrated Water Resources Management--contents??
??(1)

• A.Different water use patterns
• --How do water consumption in upper reaches
  influence water utilization of lower reaches?
• --How about the impacts of water saving measures
  in certain area on other areas?
• --How many measures can be adopted to improve the
  water productivity in the basin level?
• --How groundwater developing influence the
  surface runoff?
• --How to utilize the rainwater resources? How the
  rainwater utilizing influence the surface runoff?
• --How to utilize the floodwater ?

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Integrated Water Resources Management--contents(2
)

• B.Decision-support tools
• --How to evaluate the water resources when the
  water resources have been developed at very high
  level?
• --How to monitor the water resources in the area
  above Lanzhou?
• --How to monitor the water taken from Yellow
  River and the water discharged into Yellow River
  in Ningmeng Irrigation district?
• --How to monitor the water consumption not only
  from surface runoff but from groundwater in
  Guanzhong Irrigation District?
• --Monitoring technology suitable for Henan
  irrigation district.
• --Impacts of global warming in the basin.

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Integrated Water Resources Management--contents(3
)

• C.Good Governance
• --what institutional mechanisms are most
  favourable to combining basin management
  institution with district management
  institutions?
• --applicable water right mechanism and their
  impacts on women, poor and landowners?
• --different water allocation mechanisms and their
  impact on agriculture, water productivity, and
  food production?
• --success and failure stories in institutional
  reform?
• --how to share the water information?

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Thank you