Coastal Zone Color Scanner CZCS

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Coastal Zone Color ScannerCZCS
Wayne E. Esaias Goddard Space Flight
Center Oceans and Ice Branch October 27, 2004
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• CZCS
• A Proof of Concept, Demonstration
• First Visible scanner optimized to look at the
  dark oceans.
• Limited duty (alt days to SMMR), 2 data to L2 .
• Complemented SeaSAT scatterometer, imager,
  altimeter.
• How well can satellite data be used to identify
  and quantify material suspended and dissolved in
  ocean waters?
• Can this information help advance our
  understanding of oceanic processes, and the role
  of the ocean in the earth system.
• Highly successful

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James Acker ocean_at_daac.gsfc.nasa.gov
http//daac.gsfc.nasa.gov/oceancolor/classic_scen
es/00_classics_index.shtml
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CZCS Nimbus Experiment Team (CZCS NET) Frank
Anderson NRIO, South Africa John Apel Johns
Hopkins Univ., APL Roswell Austin Scripps
Inst. Oceanography Dennis Clark NOAA/NESS Sayed
El-Sayed Texas A M Howard Gordon U.
Miami Warren Hovis NOAA/NESS James
Mueller GSFC San Diego State Boris
Sturm Joint Res. Center, Ispra Robert
Wrigley NASA Ames Charles Yentsch Bigelow
Laboratory Associates, Alternates Added Later W.
Esaias NASA GSFC C. McClain NASA GSFC E.
Baker U. Washington P. Schlittenhardt ? H.
Vander Piepen DFVLR
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MAJOR ADVANCES Technology Spectral Bands,
Depolarizer, Tilt worked Challenging radiometry
- still is Atmospheric correction - clear water,
dark target Need for SNR, calibration,
stability Importance of vicarious
calibration Importance of digital image
processing Bio-Optics Biological Responses
related to Physical Regimes Inverse methods,
with an under-determined system First order
assumptions work pretty well, most of the time,
but there are important limitations. Gelbstoffe
, sediment scattering, pigments
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MAJOR ADVANCES Global Science Provided
first-ever synoptic sampling for
biology. Revolutionized the perception of the
marine biosphere. Joint Global Ocean Flux Study
(Carbon) Variability and Magnitude of
Photosynthesis in the Ocean is Comparable to
Terrestrial Systems Operational Needs Feature
Tracking Transparency - Visibility Fisheries Ha
rmful Algal Blooms
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Pre-launch Gulf of Mexico Cruise, R/V GYRE Sayed
El-Sayed Ed Baker Dennis Clark Al Strong Peter
Schlittenhart Bob Wrigley
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Orinoco River Plume nutrients gt algae organic
matter ocean currents Biological Physical
Dynamics
Phytoplankton Dynamics Ocean Carbon Flux
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Tasmania
Gene Feldman http//daac.gsfc.nasa.gov/oceancolor/
classic_scenes/00_classics_index.shtml
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Gulf Stream Location Dynamics
Acid Waste Dump, New York Bight
James Acker ocean_at_daac.gsfc.nasa.gov
http//daac.gsfc.nasa.gov/oceancolor/classic_scen
es/00_classics_index.shtml
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from Oceanography from Space Brochure 2/84 U.
Miami/GSFC
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Original standard L-2 Product - Film bw
positive Begin full global, digital products in
1985
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North Atlantic May, 1981 CZCS Global
Processing (land NDVI -AVHRR)
Gaps on monthly periods
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Nov 78 - June 81 Composite
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CZCS February Climatology 1979-1986
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MORE EVIDENCE OF SUCCESS
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SeaWiFS BIOSPHERE
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MODIS AQUA July 2002-Sept. 2004
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CZCS defines the beginning of the Ocean Biosphere
Time Series Gregg et al. find evidence for a -6
decrease globally. Gregg W. W., M. E. Conkright,
P. Ginoux, J. E. O'Reilly, N. W. Casey, Ocean
primary production and climate Global decadal
changes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30 (15), 1809,
doi10.1029/2003GL016889, 2003.