Title: Recent Progress and Future Directions of Muon Radiography -materials, biomedical, industrial and homeland-security application-
1Recent Progress and Future Directionsof Muon
Radiography-materials, biomedical, industrial
and homeland-security application-
- NuFact 2006
- Irvine, August 28, 2006
- K. Nagamine
- UCR/RIKEN/KEK
2Recent Progress and Future Directionsof Muon
Radiography
- Introduction
- Classification of Muon Radiography
- Materials Research
- Biomedical Research
- Industrial Application
- Homeland-Security Application
3- Excellent Features of Muon for Radiography
- Long Range for Large-Scale Substance
- Possible Future Development of Muon Beam
- High-Intensity Proton Beam
- Cooling Acceleration
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5Significant Feature of Muon Radiogaraphy
? 100 Defection Efficiency Easy
Track Determination
6THE ADVANCED MUON BEAM
7The 50 keV micro and bunched beam
8The 10 MeV pencil beam
9Capillary Guiding?
Polymer foil with capillaries of 100 nm diameter
and 10 mm length. The Majority of the ions
survives in the initial charge state.
Stolterfoht et al., PRL 88 133201
10RFQ-2 with Capillary Guide
11Specification of Muon RFQ-II
- Input energy
0.02 MeV - Shaper energy 0.04401 MeV
- Shaper phase -61.4151236
deg - Gentle-buncher energy 0.2 MeV
- Gentle-buncher phase -30 deg
- Final energy
1 MeV - Final synchronous phase -30
deg - Vane voltage
0.105584952 MV - Accelerating efficiency 0.176665722
- Focusing parameter 6.70206555
- Number of radial matching cells 4
- Transition cell with no m1 section
- Section lengths
- Radial matching section 2.91178657 cm
- Shaper
73.8124553 cm - Gentle buncher 63.5343249 cm
- Accelerating section 198.208594 cm
- Transition region
4.3519845 cm
12EXPECTED ADVANCED MUON BEAM AT DTL-EXIT
13Classification of Muon RadiographyKNs Personal
View
- Transmission versus Reflection
- Type of Muon
- Application Fields
- Furure Development of Muon Beam
14Classification of Muon Radiography
Type Muon Souce Signal Application Future Direction
Reflection Radiography L.E. Muon E 50 MeV Positron/Electron from Muon Decay Materials Lousy Beam
?
X-Ray from Muonic Atom Biomedical Advanced L.E. Beam
Transmission Radiography H.E. Muon E 50 MeV Transmitted Muon Industrial Cosmic-Ray
?
Homeland-Security Advanced H.E. Beam
15Two Types of RadiographyTransmission versus
Reflection
- Transmission
- Range
- Thickness
- probing whole
- structure
- Reflection
- Range
- ltThickness
- probing surface
- area of large substance
16Materials ResearchmSR with Advanced Muon Beam
17mSR High-Pressure Materials Studieswith Advanced
Muon Beam
- Sample holder of the HIPPO instrument at LANSCE
10 mm3 sample upto 13 GPa. Beam is introduced
through a few mm narrow horizontal hole towards
the sample at the center. - Muon experiment with the presently proposed muon
pencil-beam.
18mSR High-Pressure Materials Studies
- Pressure is a valued "clean" technique to change
the electronic structure of uniform
condensed-matter systems. - Nearly all correlated-electron materials, in
particular, exhibit low-energy phenomena that are
sensitive to pressure because of exponential
sensitivity to details of the electronic
structure this in turn is affected by change in
sample size induced by pressure. - Ce first-order valence transitions
terminating in a second- order critical
point?superconducting above 10 GPa? - Low-dimensional organic conducting
compounds - magnetic, superconducting, metallic,
and insulating phases in the
pressure-temperature phase diagram at several
GPa. - Fe loses ferromagnetism at 13 GPa and becomes
superconducting at 15 GPa. - Currently most high-pressure µSR experiments are
done with maximum pressures of about 1.5 GPa.
Neutron scattering, on the other hand, has been
carried out at pressures up to 15 GPa. - The Advanced 10 MeV Muon Beam would enable use of
diamond anvils, to reach 15 GPa.
19Biomedical ResearchSpin Radiography with
Advanced Muon Beam
- Muon Detection of Hemoglobin Magnetism and Future
Application to Studies of Brain Function - Electron Introduction and Probing
Localization and Transfer of Introduced-Electron - Fundamental Understanding of Biological Radiation
Effect by Muon Radiation
20Muon Spin Probe for Life Science
21DEVELOPMENT OF MUON SPIN IMAGINGTOWARDS HUMAN
BRAIN STUDIES
- Loclization of Muon Stopping Region Muon Energy
Selection Positron Ray-Tracing - Selective Localization of Muon to Specific Parts
of heme-Proteins - Pick-Up of Hb-Specific Signals out of Those from
Other heme-Proteins - Detection of Oxy- vs Deoxy-Hb for Brain Function
Studies
22Loclization of Muon Stopping Region Muon Energy
Selection Positron Ray-Tracing
- Selection of muon energy and its width for
stopping region below 5 mm along the beam axis - Improvement of transverse spatial resolution by 2
units of position-sensitive detectors - (5 mm)3 at 10 cm depth in biological substances
within some 10
sec for one mSR data - Blood Voume 25 of Muon Stopping Region
23Selective Localization of Muon to Specific Parts
of heme-Proteins
- Positive Muon is selectively attracted and
positioned at the negatively charged part of the
heme-Proteins near to Fe. - Evidences Cytochrome-c, Cytochrome-c Oxydase,
Myoglobin - Same mSR signal was observed among hemoglobin
solution (13 ) and human blood (3040). - More stopping at heme-Proteins
- Less stopping at Lipid or Neurons
-
24Pick-Up of Hb-Specific Signals out of Those from
Other heme-Proteins
- Electron Transfer Proteins
Slow and Large Relaxation with Characteristic
Field Dependence - Hemoglobin Unique and Fast Relaxation
- Lipid, Hydrocarbon No Relaxation
?
?
25Detection of Oxy- vs Deoxy-Hb Quantities for
Brain Function Studies
- Fluctuation of Heme-Fe Spin in Deoxy-Hb
Local Fluctuating Field of 10100 G depending
upon Correlation Time - Diamagnetism and/or Microscopic Bohr Effect in
Oxy-Hb H introduces
structure change to release Oxygen -
?
?
26Muon Spin Method vs Other Methods for Brain
Function Studies
- a) principle, b) spatial resolution and depth in
the brain, c) required time for analysis - Functional MRI a) Nuclear magnetic resonance
imaging applied for the specific part of the
brain, measuring resonance signal (intensity,
relaxation time, etc.) under some Tesla magnetic
field, probing paramagnetism of deoxy-hemogrobin
in brain blood-flow, b) a few mm and deep in the
brain, c) a few 10 sec, - PET a) Positron emission tomography from the
radioactive species externally injected and
reaching to the specific part of the brain as
tracers in blood and its metabolite, b) 15 mm and
deep in the brain, c) a few min, - Optical topography a) Spectroscopy of the
reflected light of infrared laser probing
oxidization of blood flow, b) 20 mm and out of
field of view, c) 0.1 sec, - Muon Spin Probes a) Detecting weak magnetism
of blood by spin relaxation as a function of time
under zero external field, b) a few mm and any
part of the brain, c) at most a few sec, - deep, small volume, without magnetic field,
- real time, Oxy-Hb Signal, minimum radiation
effect
27Industrial ApplicationTransmission of H.E. Muon
- Probing Inner-Structure of Large-Scale Industrial
Machinery during Operation - Nuclear Reactor Application
Inner-Structure during Operation Analysis of
Used Fuel-Rod - Examination of Inside Condition of
Re-enforced Concrete Architecture - Cosmic-Ray Experiences?
- Advanced H.E. Muon
Beam
28PROBING BLAST FURNACEDURING FULL OPERATION
29 Cosmic Ray Muon Radiography of BF No.2 Raw F/B
Data(1)Detector(0m)
30 Cosmic Ray Muon Radiography of BF No. 2 Raw B/F
DataDetector( 2m up)
31SUMMARY CONCLUSION
- BLAST FURNACE WAS SUCCESSFULLY AND PRECISELY
PROBED BY COSMIC-RAY MUON RADIOGRAPHY - PROVIDING CRUCIAL DATA FOR LIFE-TIME
PREDICTION - MORE THAN 1B ECONOMIC IMPACT
- NICE FEEDBACK IS EXPECTED TO OTHER MUON
SCIENCES - NATURAL DISASTERS PREVENTION
- MUON CATALIZED FUSION,
- MUONIC ANTI-HYDROGEN, etc.
32Homeland-Security Application Transmission of
H.E. Muon
33 ELEMENT SELECTIVE RADIOGRAPHY USE FOR
HOMELAND SECURITY
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