James Crisp

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James Crisp
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The Web
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-ilities
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Scalability
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Recoverability Reliability
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Security
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Discoverability
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How to bring to Web services?
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Tunneling
RPC URLs POX SOAP WS-
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REpresentational State Transfer
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REST contributes ... the rationale behind the
modern Web's software architecture... --
Roy Fielding
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Resources e.g. Person, Car, Post
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Representations
ltpersongt ltnamegtBill Gateslt/namegt
ltgendergtmlt/gendergt lt/persongt
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Addressability
http//mysite.com/people/joe_citizen http//mysit
e.com/people/joe_citizen/friends
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Uniform Interface
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GET POST HEAD PUT DELETE OPTIONS
Support
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GET
GET /people/joe_citizen HTTP/1.1 Host
mysite.com Accept application/xml
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Response
200 OK Content-Type application/xml Last-Modified
2008-1-1 1500.. ltpersongt ltnamegtJoe
Citizenlt/namegt ltagegt42lt/agegt
ltgendergtmlt/gendergt lt/persongt
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HEAD
HEAD /people/joe_citizen HTTP/1.1 Host
mysite.com
200 OK Content-Type application/xml Last-Modified
2008-1-1 1500.. ETag a32daf15-b33da2a4d
Response
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POST
POST /people HTTP/1.1 Content-Type
text/xml Host mysite.com .... ltpersongt
ltnamegtTina Joneslt/namegt ltagegt25lt/agegt
ltgendergtFlt/gendergt lt/persongt
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Response
201 CREATED Location /people/tina_jones (optiona
lly with body)
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PUT
PUT /people/tina_jones HTTP/1.1 Content-Type
text/xml Host mysite.com .... ltpersongt
ltnamegtTina Joneslt/namegt ltagegt24lt/agegt
ltgendergtFlt/gendergt lt/persongt
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Response
200 OK Location /people/tina_jones (optionally
with body)
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DELETE
DELETE /people/joe_citizen HTTP/1.1 Host
mysite.com
200 OK Content-Type application/xml ltadminperson
Deletedgt joe_citizen lt/adminpersonDeletedgt
Response
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OPTIONS
OPTIONS /people HTTP/1.1 Host mysite.com
Response
200 OK Allowed GET,HEAD,POST
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Status Codes
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2xx All good 200 OK 201 Created
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3xx Redirect 301 Moved permanently 307
Temporary redirect304 Not modified (ie, see
cache)
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4xx Client error 400 Bad request 401
Unauthorized 403 Forbidden 405 Method not
allowed 409 Conflict
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5xx Server error 500 Internal server error
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Headers
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Content-Type text/html application/xml image/jpe
g ....
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WWW-Authenticate Authorization
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Last-Modified If-Modified-Since ETag If-None-M
atch
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Location
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Describe your services?
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URI Templates http//s3.amazon.com/bucket-name/
object-name http//mysite.com/users/user-name
/photos http//google.com/search?qsearch-query
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Start URL Links
https//bank.com/accounts/345095 ltaccountgt
ltnamegtTina Joneslt/namegt ltlink rel"history"
href"/tjones/account_history"gt ltlink
rel"close" verb"delete"
href"/tjones"gt lt/accountgt
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Microformats
ltaccountgt ltnamegtTina Joneslt/namegt ltlink
rel"transaction-search" href"account_histo
ry? fromdate-from todate-to"gt lt/accou
ntgt
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State Management
http//google.com
Searching
Search
google.com/search?qrest
Searched
Next Page
google.com/search?qreststart10
More Results
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Data Format?
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XHTML
lth1gtAccountslt/h1gt ltulgt ltligt lta
rel"account_details" href"/tjones"gtTina
Joneslt/agt lt/ligt ltligt .....
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JSON
"account_name" "Tina Jones",
"links" "history" "/tjones/history"
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ltXMLgtlt/XMLgt
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Framework
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Ordering Pizza
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http//epizza.com
GET / HTTP/1.1 Host epizza.com Content-Type
application/xml
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Response
200 OK Location http//epizza.com Content-Type
application/xml Content-Length ... ltepizza
xmlns"/schema"gt ltmessagegtWelcome!lt/messagegt
ltlink rel"menu" href"/menu" /gt ltlink
rel"place-order" href"/orders"
/gt ltepizzagt
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Let's see the menu!
GET /menu HTTP/1.1 Host epizza.com Content-Type
application/xml
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Menu Response
200 OK Location ... ltepizza xmlns"/schema"gt
ltmenugt ltpizza name"pepperoni"gt
ltingredientsgt...lt/ingredientsgt lt/pizzagt
... ltmenugt ltlink rel"place-order"
href"/orders" /gt lt/epizzagt
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Ordering time!
POST /orders HTTP/1.1 Host epizza.com Content-Typ
e application/xml Content-Length ... ltorder
xmlns"/schema"gt ltpizza name"pepperoni"
/gt lt/ordergt
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Place Order Response
201 Created Location http//epizza.com/orders/413
Content-Type ... ltepizza xmlns"/schema"gt
ltordergt ltpizza name"pepperoni" /gt
lt/ordergt ltlink rel"destination"
href"/orders/413/address"gt lt/epizzagt
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Beer with that?
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OPTIONS /orders/413 HTTP/1.1 Host epizza.com
200 OK Allowed GET, HEAD, POST, PUT
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Add Beer
POST /orders/413 HTTP/1.1 Host
epizza.com Content-Type application/xml Content-L
ength ... ltorder xmlns"/schema"gt ltdrink
name"corona" /gt lt/ordergt
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Response
200 OK Location http//epizza.com/orders/413 Cont
ent-Type ... ltepizza xmlns"/schema"gt
ltordergt ltpizza name"pepperoni" /gt ltdrink
name"corona" /gt lt/ordergt ltlink
rel"destination" href"/orders/413/destinatio
n"gt lt/epizzagt
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Destination Address
PUT /orders/413/address HTTP/1.1 Host
epizza.com Content-Type application/xml Content-L
ength ... ltaddress xmlns"/schema"gt ltline1gt35
Rue Rdlt/line1gt ltsuburbgtPotts Pointlt/suburbgt lt/ad
dressgt
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Destination Response
200 OK Host epizza.com Content-Type
application/xml Content-Length ... ltaddress
xmlns"/schema"gt ltline1gt35 Rue Rdlt/line1gt
ltsuburbgtPotts Pointlt/suburbgt lt/addressgt
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GET /orders/413
200 OK Location http//epizza.com/orders/413 Cont
ent-Type ... ltepizza xmlns"/schema"gt
ltordergt ltpizza name"pepperoni" /gt ltdrink
name"corona" /gt lt/ordergt lt/epizzagt
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Can we?
OPTIONS /orders/413 HTTP/1.1 Host epizza.com
200 OK Allowed GET, HEAD
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Too late!
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Back at the ePizza Kitchen..
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GET /orders
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Implementation
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Client
var request (HttpWebRequest)
WebRequest.Create(URL) request.Method request.Co
ntentType request.GetRequestStream() var
response (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse()
response.StatusCode response.Headers response.G
etResponseStream()
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Server
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IHttpHandler
public class RestHandler IHttpHandler
public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
context.Response.ContentType
"application/xml" if (context.Request.HttpM
ethod "GET") context.Response.Write
("ltxmlgt...lt/xmlgt")
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WCF REST
ServiceContract public interface
IPizzaService WebGet(UriTemplate"/orders/ord
erId") OperationContract Order GetOrder(int
orderId)
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Status codes? Headers? Links? Microformats?
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ASP.NET MVC
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Routing Table
Controller Method
Model
View
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Routes
In GlobalApplication HttpApplication void
RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
routes.MapRoute( "AddToOrder",
"orders/id", new controller "Orders",
action "AddToOrder" ,
new httpMethod new
HttpMethodConstraint("POST")) ...

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Controller
public class OrdersController Controller
public ActionResult AddToOrder(int id)
var order Order.Load(id) var itemToAdd
CreateMenuItemFromRequest()
order.Items.Add(itemToAdd) order.Save()
// response.StatusCode 200 return
View(order)
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Model
public class Order public MenuItem Items
get ... public Address
DeliveryAddress get set
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View
lt_at_ Page Language"C" ...gt ltepizza
xmlns"/schema"gt ltordergt lt foreach (var
item in Order.Items) gt ltpizza name "lt
item.Name gt" /gt lt gt lt/ordergt lt if
(Order.DeliveryAddress null) gt ltlink
rel"destination" href ... lt/epizzagt
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MVC REST Wrinkles
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See also... Slides Code http//www.jamescrisp.
org MVC http//www.asp.net/mvc/
RESTful Web Services
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Image References
http//flickr.com/photos/misserion/2190827125/ -
web http//flickr.com/photos/hyougushi/412600118/
- bridge http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ImageIntern
et_map_1024.jpg - web http//flickr.com/photos/gra
din/3361527/ - defibrillator http//flickr.com/pho
tos/keoki/1418303458/ - padlocks http//roadmap.cb
diforum.com/reports/protocols/ - ws
stack http//flickr.com/photos/chainsawpanda/15288
94/ - tunnel http//flickr.com/photos/psd/42118657
8/ - fielding http//flickr.com/photos/esparta/187
132368/ - bill gates http//flickr.com/photos/acme
_explosives/117276632/ - network
plugs http//flickr.com/photos/walterhertman/10148
9766/ - speedometers http//flickr.com/photos/sis/
5908199/ - Petco explosion http//flickr.com/photo
s/pleasewait/476776136/ - letter http//flickr.com
/photos/bigpinkcookie/108895725/ - Eiffel
tower http//flickr.com/photos/bala_/2077047513/
- pizza restaurant http//flickr.com/photos/572317
35_at_N00/201482385/ - pepperoni pizza http//flickr.
com/photos/sheeshoo/10321250/ -
corona http//flickr.com/photos/freddy/39340695/
- salad http//flickr.com/photos/huthfamily/130433
6305/ - 42 pizza boxes http//www.crummy.com/writi
ng/RESTful-Web-Services/cover.png REST book
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Questions?