Immigration

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Section 5.1

• Immigration

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Todays Agenda

• Immigration Slide Show
• Presentations
• George Bellows
• Alfred Stieglitz
• Homework
• Start reading 5.2

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Why did they come to America?
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• The New Colossus by Emma Lazarus
• Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame,With
  conquering limbs astride from land to landHere
  at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall standA
  mighty woman with a torch, whose flameIs the
  imprisoned lightning, and her name Mother of
  Exiles.From her beacon-handGlows world-wide
  welcome her mild eyes commandThe air-bridged
  harbor that twin cities frame."Keep, ancient
  lands, your storied pomp!" cries sheWith silent
  lips. Give me your tired, your poor,Your
  huddled masses yearning to breathe free,The
  wretched refuse of your teeming shore.Send
  these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me,I lift
  my lamp beside the golden door!

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What motivated them to come?
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Why did they come?

• Economic Opportunity
• Skilled craftsmen displaced from European
  Industrial revolution
• Famine
• Available land in America
• Religious/Political Freedom
• Catholics of Ireland, Jews of Russia
• Kulturkampf in Germany
• Available Transportation
• Steamships made passage bearable

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• Observe immigrants, you are struck by the fact
  that from ten to twenty percent are hirsute,
  low-browed, big-faced persons of obviously low
  mentalitythey clearly belong in skins, in
  wattled huts at the close of the Ice Age.
• Professor Edward A. Ross sociologist

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Which description best represents the true
picture of immigration into America at the turn
of the century?

• Both

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ObjectivesAt the end of this lesson you should
be able to

• Describe the change in immigration after 1890
  (demography, culture, religion)
• Define assimilation and describe problems
  associated with it for immigrants
• List social problems faced by city dwellers

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What is your ethnicity?

• When did your ancestors (grandparents,
  great-grandparents) come to America? What year
  (about)? Where did they live? Occupation? What
  made them come here?
• Complete the Family Tree Sheet as best you can

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Describe how immigration changed after 1890.

• Greatly increased 1890-1920
• 25 million
• Demographic shift
• Before 1890
• From Northern and Western Europe
• Great Britain, Ireland, Germany
• Protestant
• After 1890 to1920
• From Southern and Eastern Europe
• Italy, Greece, Poland, Russia
• New Faiths (Catholic, Jewish)
• Poor and uneducated

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What problems did they encounter?

• Assimilation
• Polish immigrant quote pg. 154
• Eugenics
• The Passing of the Great Race (1916)
• lesser breeds will mongrelize America
• Nativism/Xenophobia
• Henry Bowers
• Protective Association
• Immigration Restriction League
• Literacy Tests

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Who wants the flow of immigration to continue?

• Factory Owners
• Why?
• Cheap Labor

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How did people in art react to these new problems?
George Bellows Presentation
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What about today? How open should our borders be?
Click for clip
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