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Pompeii

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Damaged by an earthquake in AD 63 and was completely demolished in AD79 by an ... eruption formed a hermetic seal about the town, preserving many public ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Pompeii


1
Pompeii
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Outline
  • Introduction
  • Part I. The city
  • Part II. The destruction of Pompeii
  • Part III. The excavation
  • Conclusion
  • References

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Introduction
  • Pompeii ancient city of Italy, in the Campania
    Region, a few miles south of Mount Vesuvius,
    between Herculaneum and Stabiae
  • Damaged by an earthquake in AD 63 and was
    completely demolished in AD79 by an eruption of
    Mount Vesuvius
  • Remarkable degree of preservation of the ancient
    objects The showers of wet ashes and cinders
    that accompanied the eruption formed a hermetic
    seal about the town, preserving many public
    structures, temples, theaters, baths, shops

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Part I. The city
  • Founded about 600 BC, became a Roman colony in 80
    BC and later a favorite resort for wealthy Romans
  • Population of about 20,000 at the beginning of
    the Christian era
  • Place of considerable trade, port town of Nola
    and other inland cities of the fertile valley of
    the Sarnus
  • Vesuvius volcano near Pompeii, only active
    volcano on the European mainland
  • The top of mount Vesuvius was blown off by an
    explosion

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Part II. The destruction of Pompeii
  • The eruption changed the course of the Sarnus and
    raised the sea beach, placing the river and the
    sea at a considerable distance from the ruined
    city and obscuring the original site
  • Remnants of some of the 2000 victims of the
    disaster were found in the ruins of Pompeii,
    including several gladiators who had been placed
    in chains to prevent them from escaping or
    committing suicide
  • Some of these figures are exhibited in the museum
    erected at Pompeii near the Porta Marina
  • Most of the inhabitants escaped the eruption,
    carrying with them their movable assets

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Part III. The excavation
  • For more than 1500 years Pompeii lay undisturbed
    beneath heaps of ashes and cinders, and not until
    1748 were excavations undertaken
  • Famous work of excavation of the German classical
    archaeologist Winckelmann
  • Some of the ruins were badly damaged by air raids
    during World War II and had to be restored
  • Most of the movable objects that were found, and
    some of the best-executed wall paintings and
    floor mosaics, have been removed to the National
    Museum in Naples

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Conclusion
  • More than one-fourth of the city remains to be
    excavated
  • But the buildings and objects provide a
    remarkably realistic and complete picture of life
    in an Italian provincial city of the 1st century
    AD
  • The surviving edifices, representing a transition
    from the pure Greek style to the building methods
    of the Roman Empire, have been especially
    important for the study of Roman architecture
  • An eruption in 1631 destroyed five towns and
    caused the deaths of more than 3,000 people

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References
  • http//http.cs.berkeley.edu/jhauser/pictures/hist
    ory/Rome/Pompeii
  • http//old.jccc.net/jjackson/pomp.html
  • http//encarta.msn.com/encnet/refpages/RefArticle.
    aspx?refid761576319
  • http//www.thecolefamily.com/italy/pompeii
  • http//cti.itc.virginia.edu/jjd5t/cww/1997/report
    2.html
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