User Psychology

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User Psychology
ITKP103 Human Being and Information
System http//www.cs.jyu.fi/ky/kurssit/itkp103/ind
ex.html Sacha Helfenstein sh_at_cc.jyu.fi Lectures
28.10., 2.11., and 4.11.2005
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Pertti Saariluoma (1 lecture)

• Foreword and Introduction
• Human Being and Technology
• The User Psychological Perspective
• Future of Human Technology

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Sacha Helfenstein (3 lectures)

• User Psychology of the Individual
• Sensation Perception
• Attention Memory
• Thinking Learning
• Emotion Motivation

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Hanna Parkkola (22 lectures)

• User in Context and Research
• Social User
• User Research
• Leisure Environmet
• Work Environment

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Kimmo Wideroos (3 lectures)

• User Interface
• Definition
• Research Development
• World of Interfaces

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Context
UbiquitousComputing Embeded Technology
E.g., Social Psychology
HumanTechnology
Technology
Human
Use and Interaction
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Your product or service is useless if humans do
not understand it, cannot operate it, or do not
want to use it.
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Objectives

• Learn principles of psychology that form the
  basis of user-centered design
• Become an informed observer of people, objects,
  and how they interact

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Donald A. Norman
Jakob Nielsen
Nielsen-Norman Group www.nngroup.com
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Problem
"There are numerous guides on Web design but for
the most part, these are based on designer's
intuition and common sense - with little
theoretical or experimental validation."
(Dalal et al, 1999)
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Research Fields

• From Man-Machine Interaction (MMI) to HCI, to
  Human-Technology Interaction and Man-Machine-Man
  Interaction (MMMI)
• User Psychology vs. Psychology of Use
• Consumer Psychology
• From Human Factors and Ergonomics, via Usability
  Analysis and Evaluation to User Experience
  Research
• Human(User)-Centered Design and User-friendly
  Computing

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Applying Psychology in Design

• Design is where the action is, not evaluation
  (Newell Card, 1985)
• Psychology can be the mother of invention
  (Landauer, 1987)
• Psychologists often relegate themselves to the
  role of commentators on existing designs, but the
  alternative is to take the lead (Draper, 1993)

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Dimensions of Psychology
Psychology deals with human experience (i.e.,
mental processes) and behavior.
Thinking
Mind
Acting
Environment
Feeling
Body
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Psychological Disciplines

• Cognitive Psychology
• Sensation, Perception, and Motor Control
• Learning, Memory, and Thinking
• Emotion and Motivation
• Social Psychology
• Developmental Psychology
• Personality and Inter-individual Differences
• Applied Psychology

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The Model Human Processor

• Perception system
• Cognition system
• Motor system
• (Card, Moran, Newell, 1983)

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Perception, Attention and Memory

• Classic cognitive research investigates the laws
  and limits of human information processing (i.e.,
  knowledge construction), including the capacities
  and structures in retaining, storing, and
  retrieving information.
• It does not explicate the contents of the mind.

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Stage Model of Memory
Symbolic information chunks
Semantic and procedural information
Information modality
Unprocessed information
organization/elaboration
Audible
Sensory Storage
Working Memory
Long-Term Memory
Visual
Haptic
maintenance
Decay 0.2-4s
Decay 20-30s 7 ( 2 chunks)
Decay? Interference?
Adapted from Atkinson Shiffrin (1968)
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(No Transcript)
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Traffic Psychology Example Ca. 1 sign / 20 m
Fixation time 300ms 500ms 750ms
Speed 50km/h 20 35 50
Speed 100km/h 40 70 100
Speed 150km/h 70 100 100
Percentage of driving time used only to visually
fixate traffic signs.
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Guess how many links -gt 295!
Where am I?
http//www.des.emory.edu/mfp/self-efficacy.htmlin
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