Body Systems

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Body Systems

• The Skeletal System

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The Skeletal System

• The Skeletal System is the system of bones.

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The Skeletal System

• The purpose of the skeletal system is to give our
  bodies shape and support and to provide
  protection to our internal organs.

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The Skeletal System

• There are 206 bones in the human body
• There are 26 bones in each hand

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The Skeletal System

• The largest bone is the thigh bone also known as
  the femur.

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The Skeletal System

• The smallest bone is in the ear and is called the
  stirrup.
• It is about 1/10 of an inch long.

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The Skeletal System
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The Skeletal System
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The Skeletal System

• More than half of our bones are in our hands and
  feet

1. Fibula2. Tibia3. Tarsals4. Metatarsals5.
Phalanges
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The Skeletal System

• Whenever two bones come together it is called a
  joint.
• There are five types of joints in the human body

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The Skeletal System

• Hinge joints move back and forth one way.
• Elbow and Knee Joints

1. Lateral Epicondyle2. Forearm3. Elbow
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The Skeletal System

• Ball and Socket joints move in a circular motion
• Shoulder and Hip Joints

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The Skeletal System

• Fixed joints do not move at all.
• Skull

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The Skeletal System

• Sliding or Gliding joints have bones that slide
  against one another
• Wrist and Ankles

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The Skeletal System

• Pivot Joint
• Head

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The Skeletal System

• All joints are protected by a smooth material
  called cartilage.
• This allows the bones to move freely without
  rubbing against one another.

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The Skeletal System

• There are four types of bones in the body.

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The Skeletal System

• Long Bones
• Femur
• Long bones are longer than they are wide and work
  as levers.

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The Skeletal System

• Short Bones
• Short bones are short and cube-shaped
• They are found in the wrists and ankles

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The Skeletal System

• Flat Bones
• Ribs, Sternum, and Skull
• Flat bones have broad surfaces for protection of
  organs and attachment of muscles

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The Skeletal System

• Irregular Bones
• Irregular bones are all other bones that do not
  fall into the previous categories.
• Vertebrae and a few bones in the skull.

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The Skeletal System

• All bones are held together with ligaments.
• Ligaments keep the joint from bending the way
  that it is not supposed to.

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The Skeletal System

• When a ligament is stretched too far, it is
  called a sprain.

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The Skeletal System
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The Skeletal System

• Bones are strong but light

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The Skeletal System

• Our bones make up about 18 of our body weight.

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The Skeletal System

• Cells in the bone divide and multiply causing you
  to grow.
• As you grow this process slows.
• If you broke a bone as a child, it would heal
  faster than as an adult.

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The Skeletal System

• Inside a bone is a material called Marrow.

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The Skeletal System

• There are 2 types
• Red Marrow makes fresh Blood cells.
• Yellow Marrow is mostly fat.

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The Skeletal System

• An average of 2.6 million red blood cells are
  produced each second by the bone marrow to
  replace those worn out and destroyed by the
  liver.
• Newton's Apple Video Clip