Italia Salerno 3 Il Duomo

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Salerno
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Il Duomo
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Salerno is a city in Campania (southwestern
Italy) and is the capital of the province of the
same name
Salerno is located on the Gulf of Salerno on the
Tyrrhenian Sea
Today Salerno is an important cultural centre in
Campania and Italy
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Cathedral
Chiostro
The St. Matthew Cathedral founded by Roberto the
Guiscard and consecrated by Pope Gregory VII, was
officially opened in March 1084. The present
structure dates back to the earthquake of 5th
June 1688, when it was completely rebuilt
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The Cathedral is dedicated to San Matteo (St
Matthew), whose remains were reputedly brought to
the city in 954 and now lie beneath the main
altar in the vaulted crypt. In the centre nave
are the celebrated amboni (pulpits) decorated
with sculptures and mosaics dating back to the
last decade of the XII century
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The huge bronze doors guarded by lions were cast
in Constantinople in the 11th century.
Transported from Constantinople in 1099, the
doors have 54 panels with figures, crosses and
stories from Jesus' life
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One of the local legends tells about a pirate
invasion in the city, and when the pirates wanted
to raid the Cathedral, the statues of the lions
near the gate just came to life and ate the poor
raiders!
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A mosaic of the Saint Mathew created using small
tiles that give an almost painted effect is
depicted on the inner wall, above the cathedral
door
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Inside the decoration is fairly muted in white
plaster however some sections have been expo-sed
to reveal the richer decoration underneath which
would have existed prior to the 18th Century
makeover
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The east end of the church is the most splendid
and features a grand central apse flanked by two
smaller apses
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In the right-hand apse, the Cappella delle
Crociate (Chapel of the Crusades), contain
stun-ning frescoes and more wonderful mosaics. It
was so named because crusaders weapons were
blessed here. Under the altar stands the tomb of
11th-century pope Gregory VII.
The altar of St. Michael the Archangel and the
wax effigy of the remains of Pope Gregory VII who
died in exile in Salerno in 1085 (his remains are
buried below the altar)
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The wax effigy of the remains of Pope Gregory VII
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The altar of St. Michael the Archangel
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The altar of St. Michael the Archangel
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The main altar
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12th century mosaics in vivid hues of blue, red
and gold
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Inlaid stone of the casmatesque floor
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The Cosmati were a Roman family, seven members of
which, for four generations, were
skilful architects, sculptors and workers in
decorative geometric mosaic, mostly for church
floors. Their name is commemorated in the genre
of Cosmatesque work, often just called "Cosmati",
a technique of opus sectile ("cut work") formed
of elaborate inlays of small triangles and
rectangles of colored stones and
glass mosaics set into stone matrices or
encrusted upon stone surfaces.  Initial
inspiration for the technique was Byzantine,
transmitted through Ravenna and Sicily, but some
of the minutely-figured tiling patterns are
Islamic in origin, transmitted through Sicily
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Inlaid stone of the casmatesque floor
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Cosmati work, type of mosaic technique that was
practiced by Roman decorators and architects in
the 12th and 13th centuries, in which tiny
triangles and squares of coloured stone (red
porphyry, green serpentine, and white and other
coloured marbles) and glass paste were arranged
in patterns and combined with large, stone disks
and strips to produce geometric designs 
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Roman sarcophagus
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Roman sarcophagus with triumph of Bacchus
(Ruggero Borsa tomb)
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Baptismal Font
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Baptismal Font
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At the front of the central nave there are two
12th century ambones with intricate style mosaic
work. In the Middle Ages these elevated platforms
were used for the liturgy during important
celebrations
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Lions from the late 12c pulpit DEmiliopics? 
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The Duomo is a symbol of the Italian Renaissance
because inside is the tomb of Pope Gregory
VII who rejected German domi-nation of the Holy
Roman Empire. The Duomo was damaged in World War
II when, as part of the Operation Avalanche, the
Allies landed in Salerno in September 1943
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The mosaics, work of famous Cosmati school
masters, are an extra-ordinary testimony to
Italian inlay work, due to their large dimensions
and artistic quality. The master builders who
worked on the cathedral managed to create real
stone rugs with their sophisticated mosaic
techniques.
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The decorations, that are full of mystic symbols,
are based on the continuing changes to the
circumference pattern, around which complex
geometric decorations are wound, involving
squares, triangles, rectangles, diamonds,
hexagons and octagons, all embellished with
multi-coloured marble and tiles that make the
design of each panel unique
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Text Internet Pictures Sanda Foisoreanu
Gabriela Cristescu
Internet All  copyrights  belong to their
 respective owners Presentation Sanda
Foisoreanu
2018
Sound Giovanni Battista Pergolesi -
Stabat Mater (L'Arpeggiata) Valer Sabadu?
Philippe Jaroussky