Five Different Phases of Ethical Hacking

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5 DIFFERENT PHASES
OF ETHICAL HACKING
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OBSERVATION
A survey, often known as information collection,
is the initial stage of ethical hacking. It
entails gathering as much knowledge on the
target system or network as feasible. Ethical
hackers conduct research on the target company's
workers, infrastructure, and third-party
connections. Open-source intelligence, social
engineering tactics, and technologies such as
Nmap and Shodan assist ethical hackers in
gathering vital information for later phases.
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SCANNING
The scanning phase begins when the ethical
hacker has obtained a large amount of
information. During this step, you aggressively
probe the target system or network for open
ports, services, or other vulnerabilities.
Scanning technologies such as Nessus and OpenVAS
assist ethical hackers in identifying flaws that
may allow unauthorised access or other malicious
activities.
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GAINING ACCESS

• Gaining unauthorised access to investigate the
  vulnerabilities and weaknesses discovered during
  the reconnaissance and scanning phases is the
  third phase of ethical hacking. To get access to
  a target system or network, ethical hackers use
  password cracking, sniffer, or exploiting weak
  setups.

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MAINTAINING ACCESS
The ethical hacker advances to the fourth phase
after successfully breaching a system or
network. The goal here is to maintain access
without being detected. This phase allows you to
investigate the target system, get more
important information, and elevate privileges.
Ethical hackers use tactics such as backdoors,
rootkits, or malicious software to keep access
while minimising the possibility of detection by
security measures.
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COVERING TRACKS
Covering tracks is the final stage of ethical
hacking, which entails removing all evidence of
the hacker's presence from the hacked system or
network. Ethical hackers must conceal their
operations in order to avoid legal repercussions
or to allow prospective malevolent actors to
exploit the same vulnerabilities. This phase
consists of eliminating harmful software,
erasing logs, and returning the machine to its
original state.
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