Towards Improving Security in VANET: Some New Possible Attacks and their Possible Solutions

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Towards Improving Security in VANET Some New
Possible Attacks and their Possible Solutions
Dr I.A.Sumra
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Introduction

• Today major concern is to provide safety of users
  and save their lives from tragic road accidents.
• Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is taken more
  attention from the end user due to its potential
  safety and non-safety applications. The basic
  design objective of these applications to serve
  the users and provide safety of human lives
  during their journey.
• The role of the end user is more prominent for
  next generation vehicular networks. An attacker
  is one of type of end user, but their role in the
  network is negative and creates problems for
  other components of network.
• So in this slide, we will discuss two new types
  of attacks which are called road side traffic
  signal attack and also Internet attack in
  vehicular network.

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• Vehicular ad-hoc network is a special kind of
  network in which nodes (Vehicles) can communicate
  with each other on the road and with its
  Infrastructure.

V2I
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VANET APPLICATIONS

• Safety Applications
• Non Safety Applications

Work Zone Warning!!!
Work Zone Warning!!!
Work in Progress Plz! use Alt. route
Shopping MALL
Parking Slot Available!!!
Parking Slot Available!!!
RSU
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VANET Applications End Users

• There are two types of users and two types of
  applications in VANET.
• Safety Applications
• Non-Safety Applications

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SECURITY importance in future VANET

• Recently, VANET security issue has gained a major
  interest among researchers. However, J. Blum et
  al. 23 have asked an important question related
  to VANET security in their article, A wireless
  network of intelligent vehicles can make a
  highway travel safer and faster. But can
  hacker(attacker) use the system to cause
  accidents?
• By this question, it marked the importance of
  security in future VANET applications. Attacker
  is one type of users and their objective is to
  create problem in a network through different
  types of attacks.

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VANET User Requirement (VUR)

• User is the main entity in vehicular work and
  objective of this new technology is to serve
  users and safe their lives from road accidents.
• Safety and non safety VANET applications meet the
  all users requirement during their journey like
  send or receive safety message to other vehicles
  and use the entertainment services.

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Properties of Attacker
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Proposed New Possible Attacks in VANET

• A. RSU Attack in VANET
• B. INTERNET Attack in VANET

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A. RSU Attack in VANET
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A. RSU Attack in VANET

• Attacker and Attack Information
• ? Attacker Type Insider Attacker
• ? Attackers Node ID X
• ? Attackers Node Location L1
• ? Nature of Attack (Attack on green signal time
  slot) Actual time
• slot is 0005sec and altered time slot is
  0010sec.

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New Possible Attacks in VANET

• Attacker and Attack Information
• ? Attacker Type Insider Attacker
• ? Attackers Node ID Y
• ? Attacker 'node Location L2
• ? Nature of Attack (Attack on Red Time Slot)
  Actual time
• slot is 0020sec and the altered
  time slot is 0005sec.

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New Possible Attacks in VANET

• Attacker and Attack Information
• ? Attacker Type Outsider Attacker (Pranksters)
• ? Attackers Node ID Z
• ? Attackers Node Location L3
• ? Nature of Attack (Stop the Traffic Signal),
  The actual time slot is 0020sec and the
  altered time slot is
• 0000.

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B. INTERNET Attack in VANET
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B. INTERNET Attack in VANET

• The Peer to peer applications have so far been
  limited to the fixed Internet (e.g.BitTorrent) in
  a vehicular network.
• The processing capacity and storage of a
  vehicular node (modern vehicles) makes such
  applications possible also on mobile platforms in
  VANET. The Figure 5 shows the car BitTorrent 21.

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B. INTERNET Attack in VANET

• There are two architectures of Internet access in
  vehicular network using WAVE technology.
• (a) WAVE RSU Solution In this solution the RSU
  usually have connection to the Backbone network
  (IP) and can act as the Internet access service
  providers for passing by OBUs in vehicular
  environments.
• (b) Mycarevent VCG Solution In this solution,
  all WAVE OBUs have to self-organize into VANET on
  the roadway. It is communicating with each other
  due to safety reasons.

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Internet Attack through RSU

• This is a new type of attack the Internet is one
  of the key services that users use during their
  journey. In this attack, an attacker connects
  with the Internet and takes control of the users
  vehicle on the highway.
• There are three possible scenarios which are
  discussed here.
• Scenario 1- When the attacker takes control of
  the software of the vehicle, it then generates
  false messages in the network or broadcasts wrong
  messages in the network. The attacker also
  controls the application unit (AU) or OBU and
  sends the attack into the network.
• Scenario 2- Attackers also take control of the
  sensors of the vehicle and the sensors change
  their behaviour and work according to the
  attackers" requirements. Sensors also show the
  wrong status of information and this depends on
  what the attacker actually wants from the other
  vehicles of the network.

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Internet Attack through RSU

• Scenario 3- This is the worst situation of the
  attack in which the attacker controls the
  hardware part of the vehicle, i.e., the
  Electronic Control Unit (ECU). It is a very
  serious condition for the road when a users
  vehicle is under the control of someone else
  outside the network and they can increase or
  decrease the vehicles speed.
• The Figure 7 shows the details of where the
  attacker makes the connection with the RSU and
  then connects with vehicle A. Vehicle A is
  actually using the Internet service from the RSU
  and in this way the attacker can easily make a
  connection with vehicle A.

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Internet Attack through RSU

• Scenario 4 In this scenario, the attacker
  (Prankster) sits in the corner of the city and
  makes a connection with the local Internet
  Service Provider (ISP). The primary objective of
  the attacker is to make a connection with the
  ISP, and through ISP connection it will launch
  attacks on the road side unit (RSU). If he/she
  succeeds in making the connection with the RSU,
  then he/she will launch the attack (send wrong
  messages, flooding) through the Internet
  connection.
• The secondary objective of the attacker is to
  breakdown the services of the ISP because if the
  ISP server goes down, then the whole networks
  functionality will be disturbed. The Figure 8
  explains the whole scenario in which attacker
  lunch attack on ISP through RSU.

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Possible Solutions of Attacks - TPM

• A smart vehicle has an important role to perform
  the secure communication in a network and smart
  vehicle is a combination of several mechanical
  components with the ability to perform
  computations.
• Trusted Platform Module (TPM) Trusted Platform
  Module (TPM) is a hardware module which are used
  inside the smart vehicle and their purpose is to
  ensure the secure communication in network. The
  Figure 9 shows the basic architecture of the TPM
  and the following are key features of the Trusted
  Platform Module (TPM).

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Smart vehicle with TPM modules

• TPM is based on root of trust mechanism which are
  reside the inside the smart vehicle and also
  ensure the security and trust of TPM. TPM also
  communicate with other sensors of smart vehicle
  and check the functionality and working mechanism
  of these sensors in smart vehicle.
• The Root of Trust (RoT) is play the key role to
  measure the security and trust inside the TPM.
  So, detail description of every module of Root of
  Trust (RoT) is given below.

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Case One Communication with Normal User

• Whenever vehicle is secure through TPM, so now it
  is possible to communicate with other vehicle or
  with infrastructure. There are two content of the
  message of one message i-e security content
  (valid security key and signature), other
  contents includes vehicle ID, location of vehicle
  and speed of vehicle and message generation time.
• All parameters of any message are an important
  while start the communication in network. The
  Figure 13, shows the communication through step
  by step process approach while start the
  communication in network.

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Case Two Communication with Attacker User

• In this case an attacker communicate with RUS and
  want to alter the signal time slot. But TPM has
  responsibility to identify and stop their
  communication in network.
• The Figure 14 provides the detail description of
  case two

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Case One Communication with Normal User

• In this case normal user start communication with
  ISP and take the internet services while
  travelling on highway. There are following steps
  involve to start the communication between normal
  user and ISP.
• The Figure 15 explains the communication
  mechanism between user and ISP in vehicular
  network.

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Case Two Communication with Attacker User

• In this case an attacker communicate with ISP and
  want to lunch attack on ISP server. Objective of
  the attacker is to down Internet services for
  other user of the network. Through TPM, we can
  handle this attacks and drop their packets while
  they are launching this such of attacks on ISP.
• The Figure 16 provides the detail description of
  case two.

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Conclusion

• Security of VANET is an important issue to be
  addressed by designers of VANET infrastructure
  security.
• VANET has taken more attention of the user due to
  its potential applications, and the Internet
  service along the road is one of the key services
  in VANET. Users will enjoy high speed Internet
  services along the road. However, it cannot be
  ignored that there is an importance for security
  in a vehicular network as attackers will always
  remain.
• In this paper, the authors have discussed the
  newly addressed attacks and the purpose of this
  paper has been to get the attention of
  researchers into this aspect of the behaviour of
  an attacker. In first section of this paper, the
  authors have discussed the possible attacks on
  the Internet and on Road Side Traffic Signal in
  next generation vehicular network through
  different scenarios.

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References

• 15 Guette, G. and C. Bryce, Using tpms to
  secure vehicular ad-hoc networks (vanets), in
  Information Security Theory and Practices. Smart
  Devices, Convergence and Next Generation
  Networks. 2008, Springer. p. 106-116.
• 21Gerla, M., L. Kleinrock, "Vehicular networks
  and the future of the mobile internet." Computer
  Networks 55(2) 457-469,2011.
• 22 Yunpeng Zang Weiss, E. Stibor, L. Hui
  Chen Xi Cheng , "Opportunistic Wireless
  Internet Access in Vehicular Environments Using
  Enhanced WAVE Devices," Future Generation
  Communication and Networking (FGCN 2007) , vol.1,
  no., pp.447-452, 6-8 Dec. 2007.
• 23 J. Blum and Azim Eskandarian, "The threat of
  intelligent collisions," in IT Professional, vol.
  6, no. 1, pp. 24-29, Jan.-Feb. 2004.

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Journal Paper

• This is journal research paper and please
  download complete research paper from research
  gate.

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Thank you..
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