EFFECT OF PACLOBUTRAZOL ON SHOOT GROWTH, YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF MIT GHAMER PEACH TREES.

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EFFECT OF PACLOBUTRAZOL ON SHOOT GROWTH, YIELD
AND FRUIT QUALITY OF MIT GHAMER PEACH TREES.

• Prof. Dr./ Galal Ismail Eliwa
• Head Of Pomology Department

Faculty Of Agriculture Damietta University
E. mail/ geliwa2002_at_du.edu.eg
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INTRODUCTION

• The principle commercial peach cultivar grown in
  Dakahlia Governorate is Mit Ghamer.
• Trees of this cultivar were resulted from sexual
  seedlings.
• producing strong vegetative growth during fruit
  growth phases .
• Trees require much pruning and hand labor would
  be considerably high.

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INTRODUCTION

• A reduction in the competition between Shoots and
  fruits growth for nutrients should result in an
  improvement in fruit size and quality.
• Also, exists to control tree size and
• consequently simplify management operations
  such as fruit thinning and harvesting .
• Many techniques have been used in an attempt to
  control vegetative growth of stone fruit,
  cincturing, regulated deficit irrigation and
  pruning.

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INTRODUCTION

• However, most of these techniques have been only
  partially successful in controlling tree growth
• The growth retardant, paclobutrazol has shown
  promise in
• controlling the growth of extension shoots
• increased floral bud initiation ,fruit numbers
  per tree and fruit size .

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THE AIM OF THIS STUDY

• To investigate the exact concentration of
  paclobutrazol which can be control
  vegetative growth and improve yield and fruit
  quality of Mit Ghamer peach trees.

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MATERIALS AND METHODS

• Treatments
• Spraying PLZ at 0 ppm (control).
• Spraying PLZ at 250 ppm.
• Spraying PLZ at 500 ppm.
• Spraying PLZ at 750 ppm.
• Spraying PLZ at 1000 ppm.
• Spraying PLZ at 1500 ppm.
• The application was at approximately three
  weeks after full bloom

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The following parameters were determined

• Shoot growth
• Yield and Maturity
• Fruit characteristics
• Physical fruit characteristics
• Chemical fruit characteristics
• Leaf characteristics
• Leaf area and dry weight
• Leaf nutrients

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RESULTS

• Shoot growth

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Effect of different concentrations of
paclobutrazol on shoot growth of peach trees
(data are the mean of 2002 and 2003 seasons).
Shoot growth (cm) Shoot growth (cm) Shoot growth (cm) Shoot growth (cm) Shoot growth (cm) Shoot growth (cm) Shoot growth (cm) Shoot growth (cm) Shoot growth (cm) Shoot growth (cm) Shoot growth (cm) Shoot growth (cm) Shoot growth (cm) Shoot growth (cm) Treatments
1 Oct. 15 Sept. 1 Sept. 15 Augs. 1 Augs. 15 July 1 July 15 June 1 June 15 May 1 May 15 April 1 April 15 March Treatments
68.33 57.07 48.00 48.43 42.57 38.57 67.00 56.73 47.77 48.43 42.57 38.57 67.33 55.83 47.00 48.33 42.37 38.20 65.67 54.90 46.33 48.00 42.23 37.67 64.00 57.17 45.00 47.50 41.73 36.93 63.17 52.27 44.33 47.17 41.40 36.67 61.50 52.00 43.50 46.67 40.90 36.00 59.67 51.17 43.00 45.33 40.57 35.00 57.67 47.17 41.33 43.67 40.07 33.67 55.67 45.07 40.00 42.67 38.57 32.80 51.33 44.07 39.83 40.60 36.17 30.43 46.17 39.70 36.00 36.00 31.17 27.33 36.00 33.17 28.33 29.57 25.37 23.70 17.67 17.83 17.73 15.70 15.07 14.50 Contrl 250 ppm 500 ppm 750 ppm 1000 ppm 1500 ppm
11.33 16.11 11.38 16.19 11.22 15.96 11.26 16.01 11.40 16.21 11.03 15.69 10.85 15.42 10.65 15.14 9.27 13.18 7.73 11.0 7.22 10.27 7.81 11.11 7.73 --- NS L.S.D.at1 L.S.D.at5
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Effect of paclobutrazol spray on shoot growth of
peach trees
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Effect of spraying Paclobutrazol on yield and
precocity of peach trees during 2002 and 2003
seasons.
First picking before control (Days) First picking before control (Days) Yield (kg/tree) Yield (kg/tree) Treatments
2003 2002 2003 2002 Treatments
-- 3.0 5.3 5.5 5.3 2.0 -- 4.3 6.0 6.0 6.3 3.3 37.33 41.00 43.67 45.67 42.00 36.33 36.67 43.33 45.00 48.33 43.33 38.33 Control 250 ppm 500 ppm 750 ppm 1000 ppm 1500 ppm
-- -- 3.83 5.44 4.12 5.86 L.S.D. at 5 L.S.D. at 1
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Effect of spraying paclobutrazol on physical
fruit characteristics of peach trees during 2003
and 2003 seasons.
Red skin color Red skin color Firmness (kg/cm2) Firmness (kg/cm2) Fruit length (cm) Fruit length (cm) Fruit diameter (cm) Fruit diameter (cm) Fruit volume (cm³) Fruit volume (cm³) Fruit weight (gms) Fruit weight (gms) Treatments
2003 2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 Treatments
38.33 50.00 64.00 71.67 70.67 45.67 40.67 49.33 67.33 76.00 76.00 44.67 4.09 5.00 5.27 4.37 5.37 4.97 4.49 4.78 5.27 4.38 5.51 5.08 5.53 6.13 6.02 6.02 5.67 5.82 5.63 6.09 6.02 6.20 5.89 6.03 5.47 5.77 5.93 6.13 5.67 5.88 5.69 5.90 6.03 6.39 5.79 6.07 90.67 102.33 107.67 118.33 97.67 103.00 94.67 104.67 109.33 123.33 98.67 110.00 94.33 105.33 114.00 121.67 103.33 110.67 96.67 109.33 115.33 127.33 106.67 113.33 Control 250 ppm 500 ppm 750 ppm 1000 ppm 1500 ppm
5.86 8.34 8.32 11.83 0.73 -- 0.75 -- NS 0.28 --- 0.26 0.36 0.18 0.26 4.39 6.24 7.14 10.16 5.11 7.26 8.90 12.66 L.S.D. at 5 L.S.D. at 1
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Effect of spraying Paclobutrazol on chemical
fruit characteristics of peach trees during 2002
and 2003 seasons.
Acidity Acidity TSS TSS Anthocyanin (optical density) Anthocyanin (optical density) Treatments
2003 2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 Treatments
1.206 1.021 1.070 1.071 0.960 0.855 1.224 0.947 1.114 1.114 0.891 0.835 10.03 11.07 10.70 11.30 12.13 10.07 10.13 11.27 10.87 11.57 12.33 10.33 0.130 0.184 0.192 0.200 0.209 0.159 0.120 0.181 0.190 0.210 0.225 0.150 Control 250 ppm 500 ppm 750 ppm 1000 ppm 1500 ppm
0.080 0.114 0.115 0.163 0.77 1.10 0.77 1.09 0.020 0.029 0.015 0.022 L.S.D. at 5 L.S.D. at 1
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Effect of spraying Paclobutrazol on peach leaf
characteristics and NPK contents during 2002 and
2003 seasons.
K K P P N N Dry weight Dry weight Leaf area (cm2) Leaf area (cm2) Treatments
2003 2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 Treatments
1.97 1.88 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.75 2.19 1.91 1.88 1.88 1.86 1.70 0.23 0.20 0.20 0.19 0.19 0.18 0.24 0.21 0.20 0.19 0.19 0.18 2.29 2.31 2.17 2.17 2.30 2.30 2.26 2.32 2.18 2.17 2.29 2.29 45.20 42.70 44.17 43.77 42.96 42.67 46.27 43.76 44.78 44.28 44.24 43.35 39.29 37.92 37.29 35.11 34.76 30.56 40.57 40.29 39.33 36.73 36.04 32.95 Control 250 ppm 500 ppm 750 ppm 1000 ppm 1500 ppm
0.07 --- 0.18 0.25 0.03 --- 0.03 0.04 NS NS 0.41 --- 0.77 --- 4.10 5.83 2.05 3.56 L.S.D. at 5 L.S.D. at 1
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SUMMARY

• Spraying paclobutrazol highly significant
  decreased shoot extension at all concentrations
  were used.
• The highest concentration recorded the lowest
  values of shoot length during the two growing
  seasons.
• The reduction in shoot growth rate before
  pit-hardening stage, resulted in obtaining larger
  fruits, with a consequent increase in yield and
  earlier fruit maturity .

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SUMMARY

• Spraying paclobutrazol at 750ppm achieved the
  highest values of yield/tree (48.33 and 45.67
  kg/tree) ,fruit weight (127.33 and 121.67 gms)
  volume (123.33 and 118.33 cm³) diameter (6.39
  and 6.13 cm) and red skin color (76.00 and 71.67
  ), during the two seasons respectively.
• Moreover, spraying pacloputrazol at all
  concentrations used increased fruit content of
  anthocyanin and TSS but reduced acidity in
  fruit juice in the two seasons of study.

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SUMMARY

• The results also showed that, leaf area and dry
  weight were reduced as a result of paclobutrazol
  spraying .
• No clear effect on nitrogen leaf content was
  noticed, but phosphorus and potassium leaf
  content was decreased in paclobutrazol treatments
  in both seasons of study.

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Conclusion Recommendations
It could be concluded from this study
that spraying Mit Ghamer peach trees
with paclobutrazol at 750 ppm was more effective
in controlling shoot growth, eliminating the
need for summer pruning, increasing yield,
advancing in fruit maturity and improving fruit
quality.
Conclusion Recommendations
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Bon appétit
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Thanks for your attention!