Visceral Leishmaniasis: Causes, Symptoms, Daignosis, Prevention and Treatment

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Visceral Leishmaniasis
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Visceral Leishmaniasis

• Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a very rare
  disease that is characterized by irregular bouts
  of fever, substantial weight loss, swelling of
  the spleen and liver, and anemia (which can be
  serious).It is commonly known as kala-azar.
  Visceral leishmaniasis usually occurs a month or
  two after being bitten by a sand fly.Almost
  500,000 new cases occur each year around the
  world. The clinical forms of this disease can be
  treated with the pentavalent antimonial
  compounds.

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Causes of Visceral Leishmaniasis

• The main causes of visceral leishmaniasis are
• Protozoan parasites from the leishmania species
• Bite of an infected sand fly
• Shared needle
• Open cut area

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Risks related to Visceral Leishmaniasis

• The environmental conditions and the sand fly
  bite are two of the primary factors that can
  affect a person.

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Prevention

• The following steps can be ensured to prevent
  one from being bitten by a sand fly
• Cover full body during an outing or field trip
• Use insect repellent on exposed skin
• Spray insecticides indoors weekly
• Use of bed net

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How is Visceral Leishmaniasis diagnosed?

• Doctor will examine the size of the liver and
  spleen in the body. For that, they perform
• Bone Marrow Test
• Blood Tests

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Symptoms of Visceral Leishmaniasis

• Symptoms of visceral leishmaniasis may appear a
  month or two after the bite of the sand fly. This
  includes
• Weight loss
• Weakness
• Cough
• Fever
• Enlarged liver and spleen
• Reduction of RBCs (red blood cells) in the blood
• Bleeding
• Night sweating
• Increase in hair fall

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How is Visceral Leishmaniasis treated?

• Visceral leishmaniasis disease can be dealt by
  means of
• Drugs - There are drugs that contain antimony,
  and also include meglumine antimoniate and sodium
  stibogluconate.
• Chemotherapy - This is another method adopted to
  treat the patient with the disease.

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