An Incredible Metal - Stainless Steel

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Why is Stainless Steel Incredible ?
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Why is Stainless Steel Incredible ?

• Stainless Steel is Incredible! WHY? Because it
  has naturally occurring Protective Layer on its
  surface that protects it from Corrosion. This is
  due to the Chromium it contains any steel alloy
  that contains a minimum 10.5 of Chromium is
  considered to be stainless steel.

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WHY IS STAINLESS STEEL CORROSION RESISTANT ?

• Stainless Steel is a solid metal and not just
  coating is applied to steel. The Chromium in the
  Stainless Steel combines with Oxygen in the
  normal environment to form a Chromium Oxide or
  a Passive Film layer on the surface. This
  protects the iron in the steel from being
  attacked by the Corrosive Agents (e.g. Salt) and
  Creating Rust.
• When the Chromium Layer is damaged Chemically or
  Mechanically it Repairs itself Assuming Oxygen
  ( even in very small amounts) is Present.

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QUALITIES OF STAINLESS STEEL.

• RUST/ STAIN RESISTANT
• If the Chromium Oxide Layer is maintained and not
  under regular mechanical vibration, it should
  probably last forever.
• MAINTAINS LOOKS OVER THE TIME
• Depending on a range of factors (finish, grade,
  environment cleaning) Stainless Steel should
  maintain its appearance over time.
• DELIVER VALUE FOR MONEY
• In general it outlasts Steel Coating (e.g. Zinc
  or Galvanizing) so overall delivers a lower cost
  over the entire Life Cycle.
• RELATIVELY STRONG
• In terms of Tensile Strength is can range from
  500 to 1000 MPA.
• RECYCLABLE
• Stainless Steel is 100 Recyclable and Non-Toxic.

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HOW IS THE PERFORMANCE OF STAINLESS STEEL
IMPROVED?

• NICKEL
• USED IN 304 316
• MOLYBDEUM
• USED IN316
• ELECTROPOLISHING
• CARBON
• E.G. 316L
• SHINY SMOOTH SURFACE
• HEAT TREATMENT
• (FOR MARTENSITIC GRADES)
• IMPROVES FORMABILITY
• WELDABILITY
• INCREASED CORROSION
• RESISTANCE
• INCREASED CORROSION
• RESISTANCE
• CORROSION RESISTANCE I
  IMPROVED IF WELDED

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TYPES OS STAINLESS STEEL
There are more than 60 grades of Stainless Steel.
However all Stainless Steels can be divided into
1 of 5 types identified by their main Crystal
Structure.

• AUSTENTIC
• The most commonly used Stainless Steel (e.g. 304
  316) accounting for more than 70 of Stainless
  Steel Fastener Production. It has Excellent
  Corrosion Resistance , Weld ability and
  Formability.
• FERRITIC
• These are Plain Chromium Stainless Steel (e.g.
  430) with little or no Nickel and therefore have
  a lower cost. However they have Low Corrosion
  Resistance and are not often used to make
  Stainless Steel Fasteners

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TYPES OS STAINLESS STEEL

• DUPLEX
• High Chromium and Nickel Content in Duplex
  Stainless Steels (e.g. 2205) provide greater
  Corrosion Resistance particularly from Stress
  Corrosion Cracking. They are also High Strength
  leading to Weight Saving.
• MARTENSITIC
• Used in the 1st Stainless Steel Commercially
  developed (such as Cutlery) and have relatively
  High Carbon Content. Thy have Moderate Corrosion
  Resistance with the benefit that they can be
  hardened by Heat Treatment Example 410 420.
• PRECIPITATION HARDENING (PH)
• Supplied in a solution treated condition (in
  which they are machineable),they are then
  hardened after fabrication to achieve very high
  strength, a common grade is 17-4PH.

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