Haemorrhoids: Symptoms, causes, diagnosis and treatment - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Haemorrhoids: Symptoms, causes, diagnosis and treatment

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Haemorrhoids, also known as piles, are swollen and inflamed veins in your anus and lower rectum. They may result from straining during bowel movements or from the increased pressure on these veins during pregnancy, among other causes. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Haemorrhoids: Symptoms, causes, diagnosis and treatment


1
Haemorrhoids
2
Haemorrhoids
  • Haemorrhoids, also known as piles, are swollen
    and inflamed veins in your anus and lower rectum.
    They may result from straining during bowel
    movements or from the increased pressure on these
    veins during pregnancy, among other causes. There
    are two types of haemorrhoids, internal and
    external. Internal haemorrhoids develop within
    the anus external haemorrhoids develop outside of
    the anus. Of the two forms of haemorrhoids,
    external haemorrhoids are the most common and
    troublesome. Doctors are unsure as to what
    leads to haemorrhoids. Various factors that could
    play a part include
  • Straining during a bowel movement

3
Haemorrhoids
Continue
  • Complications from chronic constipation
  • Sitting on the toilet for a long time
  • Pregnancy
  • Family history of having haemorrhoids
  • Anal intercourse
  • Low-fibre diet

4
Symptoms
  • Painless bleeding during bowel movements
  • Itching or irritation in your anal region
  • Pain or discomfortSwelling around your anus
  • A lump near your anus, which may be sensitive or
    painful
  • Leakage of faeces
  • Symptoms of haemorrhoid usually depend on the
    location. Since internal haemorrhoids lie inside
    the rectum, you may not see or feel them because
    they don't cause discomfort. External
    haemorrhoids are under the skin around your anus.
    When irritated, external haemorrhoids can itch or
    bleed.

5
Tests and diagnosis of haemorrhoids
  • If your doctor suspects you of haemorrhoids, he
    may perform certain tests and procedures such as
  • Examination of your anal canal and rectum for
    abnormalities where the doctor inserts a gloved,
    lubricated finger into your rectum to feel for
    anything unusual, such as growths.
  • Visual inspection of your anal canal and rectum
    where the doctor examines the lower portion of
    your colon and rectum with an anoscope,
    proctoscope or sigmoidoscope. This enables the
    doctor to look into your anus and rectum.

6
Treatments
  • Most of the time treatment for haemorrhoids
    involves lifestyle modifications. But sometimes
    medications or surgical procedures are
    necessary. Medications If your haemorrhoids
    produce only mild discomfort, your doctor may
    suggest over-the-counter creams, ointments or
    pads. These products contain ingredients that can
    relieve pain and itching. Minimally invasive
    procedures If a blood clot has formed within an
    external haemorrhoid, your doctor can remove the
    clot with a simple incision. For painful
    haemorrhoids, your doctor may suggest minimally
    invasive procedures such as rubber band ligation,
    sclerotherapy and coagulation. 

7
Treatments
Continue
  • Surgical methods If other procedures dont
    produce positive results, your doctor may
    recommend a surgical procedure. There are two
    surgical procedures, (i) Haemorrhoid removal and
    (ii) Haemorrhoid stapling.Eat high-fibre foods,
    increase your water intake, avoid straining
    during a bowel movement and you might be able to
    prevent haemorrhoids.

8
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