Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma: Symptoms, causes, diagnosis and treatment

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NASOPHARYNGEAL ANGIOFIBROMA

• SYMPTOMS, CAUSES, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT

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INTRODUCTION TO NASOPHARYNGEAL ANGIOFIBROMA

• Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma is a noncancerous
  growth of the back of the nose or upper throat. 
• Is a vascular tumor of the nasopharynx occuring
  almost entirely in adolescent males (7-19 years
  woth a mean of 14 years). The tumor has a
  tendency to regress after puberty.
• Although the tumor is benign, it is locally
  invasive and behaves as malignant due to the
  anatomical structure of the nasopharynx

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CAUSES OF NASOPHARYNGEAL ANGIOFIBROMA 

• Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma is not very common.
  It is usually found in adolescent boys. The
  tumour contains many blood vessels, spreads
  within the area in which it started (locally
  invasive), and can cause bone damage

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SYMPTOMS OF NASOPHARYNGEAL ANGIOFIBROMA 

• Difficulty breathing through the nose
• Easy bruising
• Frequent or repeated nosebleeds
• Hearing loss
• Nasal discharge, usually bloody
• Prolonged bleeding
• Stuffy nose

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EXAMS AND TESTS FOR NASOPHARYNGEAL ANGIOFIBROMA

• The doctor may see the angiofibroma when
  examining the upper throat. Tests that may be
  done include
• Arteriogram to see the blood supply to the growth
• CT scan of the head
• MRI scan of the head
• X-ray
• Biopsy is generally not recommended due to the
  high risk of bleeding.

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TREATMENT FOR NASOPHARYNGEAL ANGIOFIBROMA

• You will need treatment if the angiofibroma is
  growing larger, blocking the airways, or causing
  repeated nosebleeds. In some cases, no treatment
  is needed. 
• Surgery may be needed to remove the tumour. The
  tumour may be hard to remove if it is not
  enclosed and has spread to other areas. Newer
  surgery techniques that place a camera up through
  the nose have made tumour removal surgery less
  invasive. 

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TREATMENT FOR NASOPHARYNGEAL ANGIOFIBROMA

• A procedure called embolization may be done to
  prevent the tumour from bleeding. The procedure
  may correct the nosebleeds by itself, but it is
  usually followed by surgery to remove the tumour. 

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PROGNOSIS FOR NASOPHARYNGEAL ANGIOFIBROMA 

• Although not cancerous, angiofibromas may
  continue to grow. Some may disappear on their
  own. It is common for the tumour to return after
  surgery. 
• Possible complications regarding Nasopharyngeal
  Angiofibroma 
• Anaemia
• Pressure on the brain (rare)
• Spread of the tumour to the nose, sinuses, and
  other structures

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